Table 5.

Associations between personality factors and psychological distress defined by CESD, IES, and Beck Anxiety scores stratified by sex. Adjusted for age, education, and marital status.

Variable	Personality
	Neuroticism			Extraversion			Openness
	B (SE)	p value	β	B (SE)	p value	β	B (SE)	p value	β
Women
CESD	0.63 (0.08)	<0.001	0.63	−0.39 (0.12)	0.001	−0.32	0.14 (0.13)	0.329	0.09
IES-R total score	0.84 (0.17)	<0.001	0.45	−0.24 (0.22)	0.280	−0.11	0.69 (0.25)	0.006	0.27
Intrusive	0.04 (0.01)	<0.001	0.43	−0.01 (0.01)	0.254	−0.12	0.03 (0.01)	0.027	0.22
Avoidant	0.04 (0.01)	<0.001	0.40	−0.01 (0.01)	0.557	−0.06	0.04 (0.01)	<0.001	0.35
Hyperarousal	0.03 (0.01)	<0.001	0.44	−0.01 (0.01)	0.150	−0.15	0.02 (0.01)	0.096	0.17
Anxiety (Beck)	0.55 (0.09)	<0.001	0.52	−0.12 (0.13)	0.350	−0.10	−0.04 (0.15)	0.774	−0.03
Men
CESD	0.59 (0.04)	<0.001	0.62	−0.46 (0.06)	<0.001	−0.41	−0.05 (0.08)	0.499	−0.04
IES-R total score	0.80 (0.09)	<0.001	0.45	−0.33 (0.12)	0.006	−0.16	−0.11 (0.14)	0.435	−0.04
Intrusive	0.04 (0.01)	<0.001	0.40	−0.02 (0.01)	0.014	−0.14	−0.001 (0.007)	0.931	−0.004
Avoidant	0.03 (0.01)	<0.001	0.37	−0.01 (0.01)	0.018	−0.13	−0.01 (0.01)	0.190	−0.08
Hyperarousal	0.04 (0.004)	<0.001	0.50	−0.01 (0.005)	0.004	−0.17	−0.004 (0.006)	0.428	−0.05
Anxiety (Beck)	0.49 (0.05)	<0.001	0.51	−0.26 (0.06)	<0.001	−0.24	0.06 (0.08)	0.429	0.05

Notes. B = unstandardized regression coefficient; SE = standard error; β = standardized regression coefficient. CESD = Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale; IES-R = Impact of Events Scale Revised; Beck = Beck Anxiety Inventory