Table 4. Fixed and Random Effects Estimates of the Predictors of Mother-Infant Gaze Synchrony (N = 68).

Parameter	Model 0		Model 1		Model 2		Model 3		Model 4
	Effect	95% CI	Effect	95% CI	Effect	95% CI	Effect	95% CI	Effect	95% CI
Fixed effects
Intercept	0.02	-0.19; 0.23	0.28*	0.03; 0.52	0.13	-0.17; 0.43	0.13	-0.16; 0.42	0.12	-0.17; 0.41
Level 1
Initial play (vs. reunion play)			-0.51***	-0.77; -0.26	-0.51***	-0.77; -0.25	-0.51***	-0.76; -0.25	-0.49***	-0.74; -0.24
Level 2
Infant female					0.31	-0.11; 0.72	0.28	-0.13; 0.68	0.28	-0.13; 0.69
Infant age					-0.01	-0.22; 0.20	-0.01	-0.22; 0.19	-0.01	-0.22; 0.20
Depressive symptoms					0.27*	0.03; 0.50	0.06	-0.25; 0.37	0.05	-0.25; 0.36
Anxiety symptoms					0.08	-0.16; 0.31	0.05	-0.18; 0.28	0.05	-0.18; 0.28
Emotion dysregulation							0.31*	0.01; 0.62	0.43*	0.09; 0.76
Cross-level interaction
Emotion dysregulation*reunion play									-0.23	-0.49; 0.04
Random effects
Level 1	0.66***	0.47; 0.93	0.54***	0.38; 0.76	0.54***	0.38; 0.76	0.54***	0.38; 0.76	0.53***	0.38; 0.75
Level 2	0.41**	0.21; 0.81	0.46***	0.26; 0.82	0.37**	0.19; 0.71	0.34**	0.17; 0.67	0.35**	0.18; 0.69
ICC	.38		.46		.41		.39		.40
AIC	384.5		372.2		367.0		377.3		364.3

Multilevel Random Coefficient Model. N = 136 play conditions nested in 68 mother-infant dyads. Level 1 predictor explains variance within dyads. Level 2 predictors explain variance between dyads. Cross-level interaction = interaction between Level 1 and Level 2. Fixed effects estimates are standardized. AIC = Akaike Information Criterion.

*p ≤ .05.

**p ≤ .01.

***p ≤ .001.