Table 1.
Subject demographics analyzed by one-way ANOVA.
| NC (n = 48) | HR (n = 21) | SCH (n = 20) | d.f. |
P Value |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (mean ± SD) | 22.0 ± 5.1 | 21.1 ± 5.5 | 37.7 ± 10.3 | 2 | 0.000 |
| Age (range) | 16–32 | 16–30 | 20–55 | ||
| Male/female (Chi-sq.) | 24/24 | 7/14 | 13/7 | 2 | 0.176 |
| Left/right handed | 3/45 | 3/18 | 2/18 | - | - |
| Education (years) | 14.8 ± 3.0 | 12.6 ± 2.8 | 14.5 ± 2.2 | 2 | 0.634 |
| Mother’s education | 13.8 ± 3.5 | 14.5 ± 2.5 | 12.5 ± 2.2 | 2 | 0.695 |
| Father’s education | 15.1 ± 2.1 | 15.0 ± 2.2 | 14.5 ± 3.3 | 2 | 0.942 |
| WAIS-VCI | 113.2 ± 17.4 | 108.1 ± 14.6 | 105.5 ± 14.3 | 2 | 0.882 |
| PPVT-III | 102.5 ± 12.9 | 101.3 ± 12.2 | 102.5 ± 16.6 | 2 | 0.873 |
| WRAT | 104.1 ± 13.1 | 105.9 ± 9.1 | 106.6 ± 11.9 | 2 | 0.631 |
| WJTA | 102.4 ± 14.2 | 104.5 ± 11.1 | 103.5 ± 13.3 | 2 | 0.670 |
| BNT | 103.6 ± 15.7 | 103.1 ± 16.6 | 101.5 ± 12.1 | 2 | 0.714 |
| CVLT | 104.7 ± 12.9 | 103.9 ± 12.5 | 105.7 ± 18.7 | 2 | 0.760 |
NC: normal control group; HR: high-risk group; SCH: schizophrenia group; d.f.: degrees of freedom; WAIS-VCI: Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale – Verbal Comprehension Index; PPVT-III: Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test, Third Edition; WRAT: Wide Range Achievement Test; WJTA: Woodcock Johnson Tests of Achievement, Third Edition; BNT: Boston Naming Test; CVLT: California Verbal Learning Test.