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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2015 Sep 25;8(6):1472–1480. doi: 10.1161/CIRCEP.115.003085

Figure 4.

Figure 4

A dominant INCX over ICaL CDI imposes a positive [Ca]i-APD feedback and underlies bistability. A. APD map shows two discontinuous branches (red). Intersection of identity line (APDn=APDn-1) denotes two stable states (green dots). B. Attenuating the positive feedback between APD and [Ca]i by decreasing GNCX (not JNCX) progressively suppresses bistability. C. EAD alone (without positive [Ca]i-APD feedback by setting GNCX to 0) fails to produce bistability in either periodic 1 EAD (cyan) or irregular EADs (pink). For details see Supplemental Material, Figs. S5B and C.