Increased intracellular cAMP production in HEK293T cells overexpressing cloned mouse brain PAC1 isoforms. A, Schematic showing the region in the 3rd intracellular loop where splicing occurs, alongside the amino acid residues for each of the three isoforms expressed in mouse hippocampus. B, ELISA-based quantification of cAMP levels following treatment with PACAP27 (100 nM), PACAP38 (100 nM) or forskolin (10 μM) for 20 min in HEK293T cells transfected with plasmids carrying YFP-tagged mouse PAC1-Null, PAC1-Hop1 or PAC1-Hop2 cDNAs. Controls for each PAC1 isoform transfection groups denote cells treated with vehicle (in 0.1% BSA solutions that is used to prepare PACAP stock solutions). Data are presented as mean ± SEM (n = 3 for forskolin groups, and 5 for untreated/control and PACAP treatment groups). * denotes p<0.05, ** denotes p<0.01, and *** denotes p<0.001, significantly different compared to control or untreated conditions for respective PAC1 isoforms (One-way ANOVA with Tukey's multiple comparisons test).