Table 2.
Clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with type 2 diabetes classified according to their 2184A/G genotypes.
| AA | AG + GG | P ∗ | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n | 719 | 149 | — |
| Sex (male/female) | 379/340 | 86/63 | 0.265 |
| Age (years) | 61.1 ± 11.3 | 61.3 ± 11.8 | 0.569 |
| Age at diagnosis of diabetes (years) | 52.6 ± 12.5 | 52.6 ± 12.1 | 0.894 |
| Known duration of diabetes (years) | 9.1 (4.0–13.2) | 9.0 (3.9–14.1) | 0.247 |
| Smoking (%) | 87 (12.1) | 18 (12.1) | 0.995 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 23.8 ± 3.5 | 23.2 ± 3.7 | 0.084 |
| Hypertension (%) | 308 (42.8) | 61 (40.9) | 0.670 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 136.7 ± 16.8 | 133.2 ± 15.3 | 0.122 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 81.5 ± 11.6 | 80.8 ± 10.5 | 0.216 |
| HbA1c (%) | 8.79 ± 2.27 | 8.66 ± 2.31 | 0.108 |
| Fasting blood glucose (mmol/L) | 8.52 ± 3.05 | 8.59 ± 3.86 | 0.769 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.52 ± 1.37 | 4.39 ± 1.32 | 0.099 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.40 (0.88–2.32) | 1.37 (0.83–2.17) | 0.113 |
| LDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 3.58 ± 0.84 | 3.41 ± 0.79 | 0.091 |
| HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.12 (0.80–1.25) | 1.14 (0.81–1.28) | 0.236 |
| Serum creatinine (μmol/l) | 70.0 (46.0–98.6) | 56.6 (41.3–83.5) | 0.031 |
| eGFR (mL·min−1·1.73 m−2) | 109 (86.5–137.4) | 37.6 (23.8–51.7) | <0.001 |
| AER (mg/24 h) | 46.4 (9.8–127.5) | 31.2 (6.9–110.4) | 0.013 |
| Retinopathy (%) | 291 (40.5) | 53 (35.6) | 0.266 |
| Hypoglycemic treatments | |||
| OHA (%) | 232 (32.3) | 54 (36.2) | 0.575 |
| Insulin (%) | 249 (34.6) | 46 (30.9) | |
| Insulin + OHA (%) | 238 (33.1) | 49 (32.9) |
Data are means ± SD, medians (interquartile range), or n (%). ∗ P values were obtained by an unpaired Student's t-test analysis or χ 2 test, as appropriate. OHA, oral hyperglycemic agent.