Table 4.

Multiple regression analysis with psychosocial variables to predict lumbar pain (controlled for age, smoking, sex, quantitative work demands, degrees of freedom at work, and shift work)

	Unstandardized coefficients		Standardized coefficients	95% Confidence interval for B
Predictors∗	B	Standard error	Beta	Lower bound	Upper bound	T	p (one-tailed)
Age	0.003	0.005	0.058	−0.006	0.012	0.629	0.266
Smoker†	0.224	0.129	0.161	−0.014	0.474	1.735	0.032‡
Sex§	0.184	0.153	0.112	−0.120	0.488	1.200	0.117
Quantitative work demands	0.001	0.005	0.020	−0.008	0.010	0.198	0.422
Degrees of freedom at work	−0.002	0.004	−0.048	−0.009	0.005	−0.505	0.307
Shift work†	−0.025	0.191	−0.012	−0.403	0.354	0.129	0.551
Work–family conflict	0.005	0.002	0.228	0.001	0.010	2.200	0.015‡
Interruptions	0.207	0.117	0.170	−0.014	0.430	1.762	0.040‡
Influence at work	−0.005	0.003	−0.167	−0.012	0.000	−1.815	0.036‡

R² = 0.196.

^∗All variables are controlled for each other.

^†0 = no, 1 = yes.

^‡p < 0.05.

^§1 = male, 2 = female.