Table 3.
Associations between pill-yearsa of NSAID use and invasive breast cancer by estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and HER2 status, the Sister Study (2003–2013)
| No. Cases | HR (95 % CI)c | No. Cases | HR (95 % CI)c | No. Cases | HR (95 % CI)c | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ER+/PR+/HER2- | ER+/PR+/HER2+ | ER-/PR-/HER2- | ||||
| Use of any NSAIDs, py | ||||||
| <0.75 | 467 | 1. (Ref.) | 64 | 1. (Ref.) | 56 | 1. (Ref.) |
| 0.75- < 14 | 156 | 1.05 (0.88–1.27) | 15 | 0.72 (0.41–1.26) | 26 | 1.40 (0.87–2.24) |
| 14- < 49 | 194 | 0.94 (0.79–1.11) | 28 | 0.96 (0.61–1.51) | 28 | 1.20 (0.76–1.90) |
| ≥ 49 | 171 | 0.85 (0.7–1.01) | 25 | 0.87 (0.54–1.4) | 26 | 1.22 (0.75–1.97) |
| P for trend | 0.073 | 0.624 | 0.374 | |||
| Aspirin, py | ||||||
| <0.75 | 682 | 1. (Ref.) | 97 | 1. (Ref.) | 95 | 1. (Ref.) |
| 0.75- < 14 | 102 | 1.25 (1.01–1.54) | 8 | 0.68 (0.33–1.41) | 17 | 1.07 (0.57–2.01) |
| 14- < 49 | 118 | 0.89 (0.73–1.09) | 16 | 0.85 (0.5–1.47) | 22 | 1.43 (0.88–2.3) |
| ≥ 49 | 86 | 0.97 (0.77–1.22) | 11 | 0.9 (0.47–1.7) | 11 | 1.15 (0.61–2.19) |
| P for trend | 0.569 | 0.501 | 0.261 | |||
| COXibsb, py | ||||||
| <0.75 | 890 | 1. (Ref.) | 118 | 1. (Ref.) | 122 | 1. (Ref.) |
| 0.75- < 21 | 67 | 1.06 (0.83–1.36) | 8 | 0.92 (0.45–1.89) | 11 | 1.36 (0.73–2.53) |
| ≥ 21 | 31 | 0.74 (0.51–1.06) | 6 | 1.02 (0.44–2.33) | 6 | 1.16 (0.51–2.66) |
| P for trend | 0.238 | 0.942 | 0.44 | |||
| Non-aspirin, non-COXib NSAIDs, py | ||||||
| <0.75 | 703 | 1. (Ref.) | 89 | 1. (Ref.) | 93 | 1. (Ref.) |
| 0.75- < 14 | 112 | 0.93 (0.76–1.13) | 19 | 1.17 (0.71–1.93) | 21 | 1.25 (0.77–2.03) |
| 14- < 49 | 96 | 0.84 (0.68–1.05) | 14 | 0.9 (0.51–1.59) | 14 | 0.93 (0.53–1.63) |
| ≥ 49 | 77 | 0.83 (0.65–1.05) | 10 | 0.77 (0.4–1.5) | 11 | 0.94 (0.44–1.77) |
| P for trend | 0.039 | 0.503 | 0.892 | |||
aOne pill-year is equivalent to taking 1 pill per week for 1 year
bSelective COX-2 inhibitors such as celecoxib, rofecoxib or valdecoxib
cAdjusted for race/ethnicity (non-Hispanic white; black; Hispanic; or others), level of education (high school graduate or less; some colleges or associate degree; or college degree or higher), history of benign proliferative breast disease (fibrocystic/benign changes; fibroadenoma; proliferative changes; or ductal/lobular hyperplasia), number of 1st degree family members with breast cancer (1; 2; or ≥ 3), BMI (<18.5; 18.5–24.9; 25–29.9; 30–34.9; 35–39.9; or ≥ 40 kg/m2), age at 1st term birth (<24y; 24–29y; ≥ 30y; or nulliparous), time since the last mammogram (<1 year; 1- < 2 years; or ≥ 2 years) and menopause status at diagnosis