Table 2.
Odds ratios (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) for the association of dietary calcium intake and colorectal cancer risk
| Male (n = 2496) | Female (n = 1192) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Controls/ cases(n) | Age-adjusted OR(95 % CI) | Multivariate ORa(95 % CI) | Controls/cases(n) | Age-adjusted OR(95 % CI) | Multivariate OR(95 % CI) | ||
| Calcium intake (mg/day) | Calcium intake (mg/day) | ||||||
| Q1 (<335) | 468/202 | 1.00 | 1.00 | Q1 (<380) | 224/125 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Q2 (335 - < 432) | 468/222 | 1.09(0.86–1.37) | 0.92(0.71–1.19) | Q2 (380 - < 519) | 223/111 | 0.89(0.65–1.23) | 0.93(0.65–1.34) |
| Q3 (432 - < 567) | 468/141 | 0.68(0.52–0.87) | 0.51(0.38–0.68) | Q3 (519 - < 663) | 223/43 | 0.34(0.23–0.51) | 0.39(0.25–0.61) |
| Q4 (≥567) | 468/59 | 0.28(0.20–0.38) | 0.16(0.11–0.24) | Q4 (≥663) | 224/19 | 0.15(0.09–0.25) | 0.16(0.09–0.29) |
| P-value for trendb | <0.001 | <0.001 | P-value for trend | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
| Dairy food calcium (mg/day) | Dairy food calcium (mg/day) | ||||||
| Q1 (<11) | 468/228 | 1.00 | 1.00 | Q1 (<20) | 223/109 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Q2 (11 - < 47) | 468/222 | 0.98(0.78–1.23) | 1.02(0.80–1.30) | Q2 (20 - < 78) | 224/102 | 0.93(0.67–1.29) | 1.01(0.70–1.47) |
| Q3 (47 - < 146) | 468/125 | 0.55(0.43–0.71) | 0.65(0.49–0.85) | Q3 (78 - < 225) | 224/64 | 0.59(0.41–0.84) | 0.67(0.45–1.01) |
| Q4 (≥146) | 468/49 | 0.21(0.15–0.29) | 0.28(0.19–0.40) | Q4 (≥225) | 223/23 | 0.21(0.13–0.34) | 0.20(0.12–0.35) |
| P-value for trend | <.001 | <.001 | P-value for trend | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
| Non-Dairy food calcium (mg/day) | Non-Dairy food calcium (mg/day) | ||||||
| Q1 (<279) | 468/168 | 1.00 | 1.00 | Q1 (<302) | 224/111 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Q2 (279 - < 360) | 468/230 | 1.33(1.04–1.68) | 1.07(0.82–1.40) | Q2 (302 - < 397) | 223/109 | 0.98(0.71–1.35) | 0.89(0.61–1.29) |
| Q3 (360 - < 470) | 468/159 | 0.91(0.70–1.17) | 0.59(0.44–0.80) | Q3 (397 - < 522) | 223/58 | 0.52(0.36–0.75) | 0.53(0.35–0.82) |
| Q4 (≥470) | 468/66 | 0.37(0.27–0.50) | 0.16(0.11–0.25) | Q4 (≥522) | 224/20 | 0.18(0.11–0.30) | 0.15(0.08–0.27) |
| P-value for trend | <0.001 | <0.001 | P-value for trend | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
aAdjusted by age, education level, regular exercise, fiber intake, calcium supplement use, and total energy intake
bTest for trend calculated with the median intake for each category of dietary calcium intake as a continuous variable