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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Dec 17.
Published in final edited form as: Obstet Gynecol. 2014 May;123(5):929–937. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000000124

Table 1.

Parameter Inputs

Parameter Base
Assumption		 Range* Reference
Prevalence of HBsAg among pregnant women 0.6% 0.4–0.8% 3,19,48
Risk of perinatal transmission without vaccination 35.7% Calculated 4,6,20,49
Vaccine efficacy (three-dose) 72% 20,49
Risk of perinatal transmission with active-passive immunoprophylaxis 5% 2–8% 1,7,21,22
Likelihood of symptoms after perinatal infection 1% 4
Risk of fulminant hepatitis after symptomatic infection 0.1% 4
Risk of chronic HBV infection after perinatal infection 90% 1,4,17
Risk of chronic HBV infection after fulminant hepatitis 33.3% 4
Risk of death from fulminant hepatitis 70% 4
Prevalence of HBeAg among HBsAg-positive persons 30% 13.5–45% 6,23,25,27,30
Risk of perinatal transmission among HBeAg-positive women with active-
passive immunoprophylaxis		 15% 7–23% 6,23–26
Risk of perinatal transmission among HBeAg-negative women with active-
passive immunoprophylaxis		 0.71% Calculated
Prevalence of HBsAg-positive women with viral load 108 copies/mL or greater 20% 8–34% 7,25,27
Risk of perinatal transmission among women with viral load 108 copies/mL or
greater with active-passive immunoprophylaxis		 15% 8–36% 7,25–27
Risk of perinatal transmission among women with viral load less than 108
copies/mL with active-passive immunoprophylaxis		 2.5% Calculated
Prevalence of HBsAg-positive women with viral load 106 copies/mL or greater 50% 31–51% 7,25,34
Risk of perinatal transmission among women with viral load 106 copies/mL or greater with active-passive immunoprophylaxis 10% 6–15% 7,26
Risk of perinatal transmission among women with viral load less than
106 copies/mL with active-passive immunoprophylaxis		 0% Calculated
Reduction from lamivudine 50% 37–85% 8,29
Transitional probabilities, disease-specific mortality
    Inactive carrier
      Chronic hepatitis B 7.3% 0.3–7.3% 27,33,35
      Mortality 0 Assumption
    Chronic hepatitis B
      Inactive carrier 17% 10.5–42% 33,35
      Cirrhosis 5% 0.4–15.3% 1,33,35
      Hepatocellular carcinoma 0.5% 0.2–0.7% 33,35
      Mortality 2.5% 1.8–3.6% 31
    Cirrhosis
      Decompensated cirrhosis 5.4% 2.8–10% 1,27,31–33
      Hepatocellular carcinoma 2.4% 0.5–3% 1,27,31–33
      Mortality 3.7% 3–4.4% 31,33,35
    Decompensated cirrhosis
    Hepatocellular carcinoma 2.4% 1–10% 1,27,31–33
      Transplant 1.8% 1–10% 1,27,31–33,35
      Mortality 39% 22.5–50% 31,33,35
    Hepatocellular carcinoma
      Transplant 4.6% 3.6–40% 1,27,31–33,35
      Mortality 56% 26–70% 31,33,35
    Transplant
      First year mortality 15% 1,33,35
      Second year mortality 1.5% 14,35
Cost (U.S. dollars)
Antiviral prophylaxis for 4 mo 1,600 800–4,000 1,18,30,32
HBV load test 240 50–500 18,30,34,36
Hepatitis B immunoglobulin 731 60–731 4,18,32
HBeAg test 30 30,36
Infant acute 468 208–12,304 4,30,33
Infant fulminant 19,000 13,000–52,322 4,30,33
Inactive carrier 100 60–2,130 33
Chronic HBV 1,170 761–6,980 1,18,30–33,50
Cirrhosis 1,519 227–37,380 1,18,30–33,50
Decompensated cirrhosis 17,623 11,459–102,800 1,18,30–33,50
Hepatocellular carcinoma 11,585 7,533–108,950 1,18,30–33,50
Transplant 133,117 86,552–328,407 1,18,30–33,50
Posttransplant 19,317 12,560–31,681 1,18,30–33,50
Effectiveness (QALY)
Carrier 1 0.95–1 1,27,30
Chronic 0.99 0.9–1 1,27,30
Compensated 0.8 0.7–0.9 1,27,30
Decompensated cirrhosis 0.6 0.5–0.7 1,27,30
Hepatocellular carcinoma 0.73 0.5–0.8 1,27,30
Transplant 0.86 0.7–0.9 1,27,30

HBsAg, hepatitis B surface antigen; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HBeAg, hepatitis B e antigen; QALY, quality-adjusted life-years.

*

The specified ranges were used in one-way sensitivity analyses and Monte Carlo simulations.