Table 3.
Comparison of patient characteristics based on intent of poisoning from November 2010 to March 2011 in seven major tertiary care Emergency Departments of Pakistan (n = 233)
| Variables | Intentional N = 67 |
Unintentional N = 68 n (%) |
Intent not reported N = 98 n (%) |
Chi Square p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Self-inflicted N = 26 n (%) |
Assault N = 41 n (%) |
||||
| Age Group (n = 211) | 0.254 | ||||
| < 5 years | 0 (0.0) | 1 (2.5) | 1 (1.6) | 2 (2.4) | |
| 5-14 years | 2 (8.0) | 3 (7.5) | 10 (15.9) | 6 (7.2) | |
| 15-24 years | 4 (16.0) | 11 (27.5) | 19 (30.2) | 24 (28.9) | |
| 25 - 44 years | 13 (52.0) | 18 (45.0) | 27 (42.9) | 29 (34.9) | |
| 45 - 64 years | 5 (20.0) | 6 (15.0) | 3 (4.8) | 20 (24.1) | |
| 65+ years | 1 (4.0) | 1 (2.5) | 3 (4.8) | 2 (2.4) | |
| Gender (n = 217) | 0.13 | ||||
| Male | 20 (80) | 32 (78) | 45 (67.2) | 51 (60.7) | |
| Female | 5 (20) | 9 (22) | 22 (32.8) | 33 (39.3) | |
| Mode of arrival (n = 197) | <0.001 | ||||
| Ambulance | 2 (11.8) | 9 (22.5) | 1 (1.6) | 2 (2.6) | |
| Non ambulance | 15 (88.2) | 31 (77.5) | 62 (98.4) | 75 (97.4) | |
| Time from event to ED presentation (Median) (n = 143) | 50 minutes (n = 12) |
40 minutes (n = 31) |
47 minutes (n = 51) |
420 minutes (n = 49) |
- |
| Type of hospital | 0.047 | ||||
| Public hospital | 26 (100) | 41 (100) | 61 (89.7) | 95 (96.9) | |
| Private hospital | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 7 (10.3) | 3 (3.1) | |
| Category of poison ingested | 0.010 | ||||
| Drug/Medicine | 10 (38.5) | 8 (19.5) | 20 (29.4) | 25 (25.5) | |
| Alcohol | 10 (38.5) | 8 (19.5) | 9 (13.2) | 12 (12.2) | |
| Chemical/Gases and Vapours | 3 (11.5) | 17 (41.5) | 30 (44.1) | 52 (53.1) | |
| Food/Plants | 0 (0.0) | 4 (9.8) | 6 (8.8) | 4 (4.1) | |
| Others | 3 (11.5) | 4 (9.8) | 3 (4.4) | 5 (5.1) | |
| Outcome (n = 181) | <0.001 | ||||
| Died | 8 (38.1) | 2 (5.1) | 1 (1.7) | 1 (1.6) | |
| Alive | 13 (61.9) | 37 (94.9) | 58 (98.3) | 61 (98.4) | |
| Type of care provider* (n = 193) | |||||
| Paramedic | 4 (22.2) | 10 (26.3) | 41 (60.3) | 29 (42) | <0.01 |
| House officer/intern | 13 (72.2) | 29 (76.3) | 9 (13.2) | 21 (30.4) | <0.001 |
| PG trainee/Resident | 0 (0.0) | 6 (15.8) | 9 (13.2) | 4 (5.8) | 0.132 |
| Medical Officer | 10 (55.6) | 20 (52.6) | 57 (83.3) | 45 (65.2) | 0.004 |
| Nurse/midwife | 15 (83.3) | 33 (86.8) | 37 (54.4) | 44 (63.8) | 0.002 |
*multiple response variable