Table 1.
Drosophila GR genes
| Family of proteins/protein name | Protein/gene name | CG No. | References | Glycan structure | Mammalian orthologue |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Glycosyltransferase | |||||
| N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase | |||||
| UDP-GalNAc:polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase | pgant1/GalNAc-T1 | CG8182 | Ten Hagen et al. 2003 | Mucin-type O-glycan | |
| pgant2 | CG3254 | Ten Hagen et al. 2003 | Mucin-type O-glycan | GALNT2 | |
| pgant3 | CG4445 | Ten Hagen et al. 2003 | Mucin-type O-glycan | ||
| pgant4 | CG31956 | Ten Hagen et al. 2003 | Mucin-type O-glycan | ||
| pgant5 | CG31651 | Ten Hagen et al. 2003 | Mucin-type O-glycan | GALNT5 | |
| pgant6 | CG2103 | Ten Hagen et al. 2003 | Mucin-type O-glycan | GALNT1 | |
| pgant7/GalNAc-T2 | CG6394 | Schwientek et al. 2002; Ten Hagen et al. 2003 | Mucin-type O-glycan | GALNT7 | |
| pgant8 | CG7297 | Ten Hagen et al. 2003 | Mucin-type O-glycan | ||
| pgant35A | CG7480 | Schwientek et al. 2002; Ten Hagen et al. 2003 | Mucin-type O-glycan | GALNT11 | |
| dppGalNAcT9 | CG30463 | ND | Mucin-type O-glycan | GALNT3 | |
| dppGalNAcT10 | CG10000 | ND | Mucin-type O-glycan | ||
| CG31776 | ND | Mucin-type O-glycan | |||
| dppGalNAcT11 | CG7304 | ND | Mucin-type O-glycan | ||
| dppGalNAcT12 | CG7579 | ND | Mucin-type O-glycan | ||
| α1,4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase | α4GT1 | CG17223 | Mucha et al. 2004 | Glycolipid | A4GALT |
| α4GT2 | CG5878 | Chen et al. 2007 | Glycolipid | ||
| β1,4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase | β4GalNAcTA | CG8536 | Haines & Irvine 2005; Chen et al. 2007; Sasaki et al. 2007 | Glycolipid, N-glycan | B4GALT2 |
| β4GalNAcTB | CG14517 | Haines & Irvine 2005; Chen et al. 2007 | Glycolipid | B4GALT3 | |
| N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase | |||||
| UDP-GlcNAc:polypeptide O-β-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase | dO-GnT/Sxc | CG10392 | Sinclair et al. 2009* | O-GlcNAc | OGT |
| α3-D-mannoside-β1,2-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase | dMGAT1/Mgat1 | CG13431 | Sarkar & Schachter 2001; Ichimiya et al. 2004 | N-glycan | MGAT1 |
| α6-D-mannoside-β1,2-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase | dMGAT2/Mgat2 | CG7921 | Ichimiya et al. 2004 | N-glycan | MGAT2 |
| β4-D-mannoside-β1,4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase | dMGAT3 | CG31849 | ND | N-glycan | MGAT3 |
| α3-D-mannoside-β1,4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase | dMGAT4-1 | CG9384 | ND | N-glycan | MGAT4A |
| dMGAT4-2 | CG17173 | ND | N-glycan | MGAT4B | |
| i-β1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase | diβ3GnT1 | CG3253 | ND | Unknown | |
| diβ3GnT2 | CG9171 | ND | Unknown | ||
| diβ3GnT3 | CG15483 | ND | Unknown | ||
| diβ3GnT4 | CG11149 | ND | Unknown | ||
| diβ3GnT5 | CG9996 | ND | Unknown | ||
| diβ3GnT6 | CG11388 | ND | Unknown | ||
| β1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase | Brn | CG4934 | Muller et al. 2002 | Glycolipid | |
| Fng | CG10580 | Bruckner et al. 2000; Moloney et al. 2000 | Notch O-glycan | RFNG | |
| β1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase or | dβ3GnT or GalT1 | CG33145 | this study | N-glycan | |
| β1,3-galactosyltransferase* | dβ3GnT or GalT2 | CG11357 | ND | Unknown | |
| dβ3GnT or GalT3 | CG3038 | ND | Unknown | ||
| dβ3GnT or GalT4 | CG8668 | ND | Unknown | ||
| dβ3GnT or GalT5 | CG8673 | ND | Unknown | ||
| Dolichyl phosphate N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase | dAlg14 | CG6308 | ND | N-glycan | ALG14 |
| dAlg7 | CG5287 | ND | N-glycan | DPAGT1/ALG7 | |
| dAlg13 | CG14512 | ND | N-glycan | GLT28D1/ALG13 | |
| Chondroitin synthase | |||||
| Chondroitin synthase | dCHSY | CG9220 | ND | GAG (CS) | CHSY1 |
| Chondroitin polymerization factor | dCHPF | CG43313 | ND | GAG (CS) | CHPF |
| Chondroitin N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase | dCSGalNAcT1 | CG12913 | ND | GAG (CS) | ChGn |
| Chitin synthase | Chitin Syn1/Kkv | CG2666 | ND | Chitin | |
| Chitin Syn2 | CG7464 | ND | Chitin | ||
| Fucosyltransferase | |||||
| α1,3/1,4-fucosyltransferase or | FucTA | CG6869 | Fabini et al. 2001 | N-glycan | |
| α1,3-fucosyltransferase* | FucTB | CG4435 | ND | Unknown | FUT1 |
| FucTD | CG9169 | ND | Unknown | ||
| FucTC | CG40305 | ND | Unknown | ||
| α1,6-fucosyltransferase | dα6Fut/FucT6 | CG2448 | Paschinger et al. 2005 | N-glycan | FUT8 |
| Protein O-fucosyltransferase | OFut1 | CG12366 | Okajima & Irvine 2002 | Notch | POFUT1 |
| OFut2 | CG14789 | Luo et al. 2006 | Thrombospondin | POFUT2 | |
| Galactosyltransferase | |||||
| GAGβ1,4-galactosy-ltransferase I | dGAGβ4GalTI/β4GalT7 | CG11780 | Nakamura et al. 2002; Vadaie et al. 2002; Takemae et al. 2003 | GAG (common) | B4GALT7 |
| GAGβ1,3-galactosyltransferase II | dGAGβ3GalTII | CG8734 | Ueyama et al. 2008 | GAG (common) | B3GALT6 |
| core1β1,3-galactosyltransferase | dC1GalT1/C1GalTA | CG9520 | Muller et al. 2005; Yoshida et al. 2008* | Mucin-type O-glycan | C1GALT1 |
| dC1GalT2 | CG8708 | Muller et al. 2005 | Mucin-type O-glycan | ||
| dC1GalT3 | CG18558 | ND | Mucin-type O-glycan | ||
| dC1GalT4 | CG2975 | Muller et al. 2005 | Mucin-type O-glycan | ||
| dC1GalT5/Tgy | CG7440 | ND | Mucin-type O-glycan | ||
| dC1GalT6 | CG34056 | Muller et al. 2005 | Mucin-type O-glycan | ||
| CG34057 | Muller et al. 2005 | Mucin-type O-glycan | |||
| dC1GalT7 | CG3119 | ND | Mucin-type O-glycan | ||
| dC1GalT8 | CG2983 | ND | Mucin-type O-glycan | ||
| dC1GalT9 | CG9109 | ND | Mucin-type O-glycan | ||
| Glucosyltransferase | |||||
| Dolichyl phosphate glucosyltransferase | dAlg5/Wol | CG7870 | ND | N-glycan | ALG5 |
| Dolichyl pyrophosphate glucosyltransferase | dAlg6/Gny | CG5091 | ND | N-glycan | ALG6 |
| dAlg8 | CG4542 | ND | N-glycan | ALG8 | |
| dAlg10 | CG32076 | ND | N-glycan | ALG10 | |
| Glucosylceramide synthase | dGlcCerT/GlcT-1 | CG6437 | Kohyama-Koganeya et al. 2004 | Glycolipid | UGCG |
| Protein O-glucosyltransferase | Rumi | CG31152 | Acar et al. 2008 | Notch | |
| Ugt | CG6850 | Parker et al. 1995 | N-glycan | UGCGL1 | |
| Glucuronyltransferase | |||||
| GAG glucuronyltransferase I | dGlcAT-I | CG32775 | Kim et al. 2003 | GAG (common) | B3GAT1 |
| β1,3-glucuronyltransferase | dGlcAT-BSI/GlcAT-S | CG3881 | Kim et al. 2003 | GAG (common), other glycan ? | |
| dGlcAT-BSII/GlcAT-P | CG6207 | Kim et al. 2003 | GAG (common), other glycan ? | ||
| CG30438 | ND | glucuronidation | CGT | ||
| Hereditary multiple exostoses (EXT) protein | dExt1/Ttv | CG10117 | ND | GAG (HS) | EXT1 |
| dExt2/Sotv | CG8433 | ND | GAG (HS) | ||
| dExt3/Botv | CG15110 | Kim et al. 2002 | GAG (HS) | EXTL3 | |
| Mannosyltransferase | |||||
| β1,4-mannosyltransferase | β1,4ManT/Egh | CG9659 | Wandall et al. 2003 | Glycolipid | |
| Dolichyl pyrophosphate mannosyltransferase | dAlg1 | CG18012 | ND | N-glycan | ALG1 |
| dAlg2 | CG1291 | ND | N-glycan | ALG2 | |
| dAlg11 | CG11306 | ND | N-glycan | ALG11 | |
| dAlg3/l(2)not | CG4084 | ND | N-glycan | ALG3 | |
| dAlg9 | CG11851 | ND | N-glycan | ALG9 | |
| dAlg12 | CG8412 | ND | N-glycan | ALG12 | |
| dDPM | CG10166 | ND | N-glycan | DPM1 | |
| Protein O-mannosyltransferase | dPomt1/Rt | CG6097 | Ichimiya et al. 2004 | Dystroglycan | POMT1 |
| dPomt2/Tw | CG12311 | Ichimiya et al. 2004 | Dystroglycan | POMT2 | |
| Sialyltransferase | |||||
| Galactoside α2,6-sialyltransferase | dST6Gal I | CG4871 | Koles et al. 2004 | N-glycan | ST6GAL2 |
| Xylosyltransferase | |||||
| Peptide-O-xylosyltransferase | dXylT/Oxt | CG32300 | Wilson 2002 | GAG (common) | XYLT1 |
| Oligosaccharyltransferase | |||||
| Oligosaccharyltransferase | OST | CG33303 | N-glycan | ||
| CG9022 | N-glycan | ||||
| CG7830 | N-glycan | ||||
| CG6370 | N-glycan | ||||
| CG13393 | N-glycan | ||||
| STT | CG1518 | N-glycan | |||
| STT | CG7748 | N-glycan | |||
| Fukutin-related protein | CG15651 | ND | Dystroglycan | FKRP | |
| Sulfotransferase | |||||
| Chondroitin 4-O-sulfotransferase | dC4ST | CG31743 | ND | GAG (CS) | CHST13 |
| N-acetylgalactosamine-4-O-sulfotransferase | d4ST1 | CG14024 | ND | GAG (CS), N-glycan ? | CHST11 |
| d4ST2 | CG13937 | ND | GAG (CS), N-glycan ? | ||
| N-acetylgalactosamine/N-acetylglucosamine/galactose | d6ST1 | CG31637 | ND | GAG (CS), N-glycan ? | |
| 6-O-sulfotransferase | d6ST2 | CG9550 | ND | GAG (CS), N-glycan ? | |
| Heparan sufate sulfotransferase | Pipe | CG9614 | Zhu et al. 2005*; Xu et al. 2007 | GAG (HS) | |
| Heparan N-deacetylase/N-sulfotransferase | Sfl | CG8339 | ND | GAG (HS) | NDST2 |
| Heparan sulfate 2-O-sulfotransferase | HS2ST | CG10234 | Kamimura et al. 2006*; Xu et al. 2007 | GAG (HS) | HS2ST1 |
| Heparan sulfate 6-O-sulfotransferase | dHS6ST | CG4451 | Kamimura et al. 2001 | GAG (HS) | HS6ST1 |
| Heparan sulfate d-glucosaminyl 3-O-sulfotransferase | dHS3OSTA | CG33147 | ND | GAG (HS) | HS3ST5 |
| dHS3OSTB | CG7890 | Kamimura et al. 2004 | GAG (HS) | HS3ST3A1 | |
| C5 epimerase | Heparan sulfate C5-epimerase | CG3194 | ND | GAG (HS) | |
| Sugar-nucleotide transporter | |||||
| GDP-Fuc transporter (Golgi) | Gfr/Nac | CG9620 | Luhn et al. 2004; Ishikawa et al. 2005; Geisler et al. 2012* | ||
| GDP-Fuc/UDP-GlcNAc/UDP-Xyl transporter (ER) | Efr | CG3774 | Ishikawa et al. 2010 | SLC35B4 | |
| UDP-Gal/UDP-GalNAc transporter | Csat | CG2675 | Segawa et al. 2002 | SLC35A2 | |
| UDP-sugar transporter | Frc | CG3874 | Goto et al. 2001; Selva et al. 2001 | Notch, GAG | SLC35D1 |
| Sugar-nucleotide transporter | Meigo | CG5802 | ND | SLC35B1 | |
| PAPS transporter | Sll | CG7623 | Kamiyama et al. 2003; Luders et al. 2003 | GAG | SLC35B2 |
| dPAPST2 | CG7853 | Goda et al. 2006 | GAG | SLC35B3 | |
| Core protein | |||||
| Glypican | Dally | CG4974 | GAG (HS) | ||
| Glypican | Dlp | CG32146 | GAG (HS) | ||
| Dystroglycan | αDystroglycan | CG18250 | O-Man | ||
| Syndecan | dSdc | CG10497 | GAG (HS) | ||
| Perlecan | dPerlecan/Trol | CG33950 | GAG (HS) | ||
| Glycosidase | |||||
| α-mannosidase I | α-Man-I | CG42275 | ND | N-Glycan | |
| α-Man-II | CG18802 | Cao et al. 2011 | N-Glycan | ||
| β-N-acetylglucosaminidase | Fdl | CG8824 | Leonard et al. 2006 | N-Glycan | |
*
Determined by mutant phenotype.
ND: not determined.