Table 1. Summary of leaky integrate-and-fire (LIF) network model.

A–Leaky integrate and fire model summary
Populations	excitatory, inhibitory
Topology	-
Connectivity	Random and sparse
Neuron model	Leaky integrate and fire, fixed threshold, fixed refractory time
Synapse model	Difference of exponential functions defined by rise and decay time.Current-based synapses.
Plasticity	-
Input	Sum of independent Poisson processes with same time-varying rate for all neurons
Measurements	For each population: firing rate, GABA and AMPA currents, membrane potential
B–Populations
Type	Elements
Interneurons (GABA synapses)	LIF neurons
Pyramidal neurons (AMPA synapses)	LIF neurons
C–Connectivity
Name	Source	Target	Pattern
AMPA_cor-Pyr	Pyramidal	Pyramidal	dir. conn. pdc weight: JAMPA_cor/pyr
AMPA_cor-Inter	Pyramidal	Interneuron	dir. conn. pdc weight: JAMPA_cor/inter
GABA-Pyr	Interneuron	Pyramidal	dir. conn. pdc weight: JGABA/pyr
GABA-Inter	Interneuron	Interneuron	dir. conn. pdc weight: JGABA/inter
AMPA_th-Pyr	External	Pyramidal	Uniform, JAMPA_th/pyr
AMPA_th-Inter	External	Interneuron	Uniform, JGABA_th/pyr
D- Neuron
Type	Leaky integrate and fire
Description	Subthreshold dynamics: ${\tau }_m{\dot{V}}_m\left(t\right)=-V_m\left(t\right)+\sum PS{C}_{syn}\left(t\right)$
	If V m >V thr & t>t*+τ refractory
	{t* = t; spike emitted with time stamp t*; Vm = Vreset}
E–Synapse
Type	Current synapse
Description	${\tau }_{dsyn}\dot{PSC}\left(t\right)=-PSC\left(t\right)+x\left(t\right)$
	${\tau }_{rsyn}\dot{x}\left(t\right)=-x\left(t\right)+{\tau }_m\left(J_{syn}{\displaystyle \sum _{syn}}\delta \left(t-t_{syn}-{\tau }_l\right)\right)$
F–Input
Type	Description
Poisson	“Thalamic”: time-constant input with rate λ.
Poisson	“Long range cortico-cortical”: Ornstein Uhnlenbeck process (OU) with zero mean
	${\tau }_n\dot{OU}=-OU+\sigma \left(2{\tau }_n\right)W$
	where W is a white noise process with zero mean
G–Measurements (for each population)
Type	Description
Firing rate	Sum of spikes
AMPA	Sum of AMPA PSCs (cortical and thalamic)
GABA	Sum of GABA PSCs
Vm	Mean of membrane potential
ΣI	Sum of AMPA and GABA PSCs. Note that AMPA and GABA have opposite signs.
ΣI|	Sum of absolute values of AMPA and GABA PSCs.
Weighted Sum (WS)	$\left[{\displaystyle \sum _{pyr}}AMPA\left(t-{\tau }_{AMPA}\right)-\alpha {\displaystyle \sum _{pyr}}GABA\left(t-{\tau }_{GABA}\right)\right]$
Reference Weighted Sum (RWS)	$\left[{\displaystyle \sum _{pyr}}AMPA\left(t-6ms\right)-1.65\left({\displaystyle \sum _{pyr}}GABA\left(t\right)\right)\right]$