Table 1. Characteristics and quality assessment of the systemic review and meta-analysis.
| Authors | Year | Ref. | Interval | No. of patients (Edu/Con) | Adequate preparation (Edu/Con) | Delivery methods | Educational tools* | Language | Scales | Jadad scale |
| Liu | 2013 | 15 | 1 day | 305/300 | 81.6 %/70.3 % | Telephone | No | Chinese | Ottawa scores | 5 |
| Park | 2013 | 16 | 6 hr | 136/135 | 53 %/31 % | Mobile phone message | No | Korean | Ottawa scores | 3 |
| Pillai | 2013 | 17 | < 30 days | 56/48 | 79.4 %/57.8 % | Investigator | Yes (Video) |
English | Ottawa scores | 3 |
| Tae | 2012 | 18 | – | 102 /98 | 93.1 %/81.6 % | Health examination center staff | Yes (visual aids) |
Korean/English | BBPS | 5 |
| Calderwood | 2011 | 6 | – | 492/477 | 91 %/89 % | Mail to patient | Yes (visual aids) |
English/others | BBPS | 5 |
| Spiegel | 2011 | 19 | 1 week | 132 /134 | 76 %/46 % | Mail to patient | Yes (booklet) |
English | Ottawa scores | 5 |
| Ahn | 2011 | 20 | – | 100/100 | 80 %/65 % | Investigator | Yes (card) |
Korean | Ottawa scores | 3 |
| Shaikh | 2010 | 21 | 3 weeks | 51/55 | 88.2 %/63.6 % | Mail to patient | Yes (pamphlet) |
English/Spanish | Physician evaluation | 5 |
| Modi | 2009 | 22 | 3 weeks | 84/80 | 56 %/44 % | GI fellows | Yes (questionnaire) | English/others | UPAS | 3 |
BBPS, Boston bowel preparation scale; UPAS, universal preparation assessment scale
BBPS: Boston Bowel Preparation Scale
*
Liu et al used telephone re-education and Park et al used mobile phone message without instruments.