Table 2.

Main aspects of complexity and validation in the selected models.

Model name	NVC compartment parameters		Validation data
	Biophysical	Scaling	Input	Output	Specie
FF	Chemical signal decay	Neural efficacy Feedback gain	Stimulus waveform	BOLD	Human
BF	–	Amplitude Duration Delay	Predicted neural activity	ASL	Human
AC	Baseline muscle arteriolar compliance Baseline arteriolar radius Maximum arteriolar radius Intravascular pressure Flow exponent Baseline arteriolar wall thickness Baseline passive stress fraction	Neural efficacy Decay constant Feedback gain	Stimulus waveform	BOLD	Human
LEVC	Neuronal energetic factors (x2) Flow-inducing signal susceptibility (x2) NO diffusion low-pass filter (x3) NO signal decay	Delay Feedback gain Scaling factors (x2)	EEG	BOLD	Human
3CW	Baseline arterial resistance Baseline capillary resistance Grubb's exponent Windkessel exponent Flow exponent Vascular transit time	Amplitude Duration Delay	LFP multi-unit activity	Laser Speckle	Rat
D-C	–	Delay Dilation factors (x4) Constriction factors (x4)	Current source density	Laser Doppler	Rat
PI	–	Flow change amplitude Damping time Flow oscillation frequency	Stimulus waveform	BOLD	Human