Table 1. Demographic and clinical characteristics of study participants.
| Characteristic | Frequency (n = 217) | Percentage (%) |
| Age | ||
| < 45 years | 124 | 57.14 |
| Gender | ||
| Female | 106 | 48.85 |
| Stage of CKD | ||
| 1 (GFR ≥ 90 ml/min/m2) | 9 | 4.15 |
| 2 (GFR 60–89 ml/min/m2) | 12 | 5.53 |
| 3 (GFR 30–59 ml/min/m2) | 44 | 20.28 |
| 4 (GFR 15–29 ml/min/m2) | 41 | 18.89 |
| 5 (GFR < 15 ml/min/m2) | 111 | 51.15 |
| Proteinuria | ||
| present | 184 | 84.79 |
| HIV antibody test status | ||
| Non-reactive | 162 | 74.65 |
| Reactive | 32 | 14.75 |
| Not available | 23 | 10.60 |
GFR: glomerular filtration rate, HIV: human immunodeficiency virus.