Cutaneous vascular conductance (%CVCmax; A) and cardiac output (B) in young (dash symbols) and older adults (placebo, open symbols; sapropterin, filled symbols). The experimental phases are presented in the order in which the protocol was conducted (upright thermoneutral, supine thermoneutral, supine passive heating, upright posture while heating was sustained, and upright and supine exercise while heating was sustained). Supine passive whole body heating is indicated by the gray box, with data points shown at ΔTes = 0.4 and 0.8°C. *P < 0.05, older placebo vs. young; †P < 0.05, older placebo vs. older sapropterin.