Table 1.
Socio-demographic characteristics of families in the study
| Socio-demographic characteristics | Mothers | Fathers | p-value | Families | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 697 | n = 674 | n = 697 | |||
| Educational level, n (%) | <0.0011 | Family formation, n (%) | |||
| ≤9 years | 41 (6) | 21 (3) | Both parents | 663 (96) | |
| 10–12 years | 206 (30) | 314 (50) | Alternating between mother and father | 9 (1) | |
| >12 years | 118 (17) | 88 (14) | Single mother | 20 (3) | |
| University degree | 320 (47) | 209 (33) | Siblings/half-siblings, n (%) | ||
| Employment status, n (%) | <0.0011 | Yes | 355 (51) | ||
| No | 342 (49) | ||||
| Employed | 439 (66) | 552 (86) | Type of housing, n (%) | ||
| Parental leave | 104 (16) | 45 (7) | Villa or townhouse | 404 (59) | |
| Student | 47 (7) | 19 (3) | House outside urban areas | 181 (26) | |
| Unemployed | 58 (9) | 22 (3) | Apartment | 101 (15) | |
| Other | 19 (3) | 7 (1) | Day care, n (%) | ||
| Country of origin, n (%) | 0.0861 | Municipal childcare | 360 (57) | ||
| Sweden | 649 (93) | 639 (95) | At home with mother | 202 (32) | |
| Other | 46 (7) | 30 (5) | At home with father | 68 (11) | |
| Age, median (range) | 31 (19–48) | 34 (19–59) | <0.0012 |
1Mothers and fathers compared using the chi-square test
2Mothers and fathers compared using the Mann–Whitney test