Table 2. Subgroup meta-analysis for studies reporting the prevalence of Campylobacter in petting zoos.
| Number of prevalence value inputs a | Sample size | Weighted mean estimate | Confidence Interval (95%) | I2 (%) | p-value b | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall c | 20 | 5778 | 0.07 | (0.04–0.09) | 79.9% | <0.01 |
| Subgroup analysis | ||||||
| By Country | ||||||
| Netherlands | 5 | 4833 | 0.12 | (0.08–0.17) | 89.9% | <0.01 |
| USA | 10 | 309 | 0.03 | (0.00–0.09) | 67.9% | <0.01 |
| UK | 3 | 588 | 0.07 | (0.05–0.09) | 0.0% | 0.64 |
| Germany | 2 | 48 | 0.18 | (0.08–0.31) | 0.0% | 0.36 |
| By Region | ||||||
| Europe | 10 | 5469 | 0.10 | (0.07–0.13) | 83.3% | <0.01 |
| North America | 10 | 309 | 0.03 | (0.00–0.09) | 67.9% | <0.01 |
| By Species | ||||||
| Multiple species | 3 | 2383 | 0.34 | (0.02–0.78) | 90.3% | <0.01 |
| Cattle | 7 | 2606 | 0.10 | (0.06–0.15) | 79.6% | <0.01 |
| Sheep | 2 | 77 | 0.09 | (0.00–0.44) | 90.1% | <0.01 |
| Swine | 1 | 56 | 0.01 | (0.00–0.06) | . | . |
| Horses | 4 | 613 | 0.07 | (0.05–0.09) | 0.0% | 0.67 |
| Goats | 2 | 42 | 0.10 | (0.02–0.22) | 0.0% | 0.35 |
| Llama | 1 | 1 | 0.50 | (0.00–1.00) | . | . |
a prevalence values and sample sizes for each study provided in S3 Table.
b p-values accompany I2 values and test for heterogeneity.
c The sensitivity analysis, which used a fixed effects model, resulted in a prevalence value of 0.07 (95% CI 0.07–0.08).