Table 3.
Comparison of symptom severity at study enrollment among individuals with influenza infection of any type.
| Moderate/Severe (vs. None/Mild) | Severe only (vs. None/Mild/Moderate) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bivariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | Bivariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | |||||||
| All influenza cases | Unvaccinated n=44 | Vaccinated n=111 | P-value | OR2 | 95% CI | Unvaccinated n=44 | Vaccinated n=111 | P-value | OR2 | 95% CI |
| Chills | 25 (56.8) | 60 (54.1) | 0.755 | 11 (25.0) | 20 (18.0) | 0.327 | ||||
| Cough | 36 (81.8) | 86 (77.5) | 0.552 | 20 (45.5) | 42 (37.8) | 0.383 | ||||
| Rhinorrhea | 27 (61.4) | 58 (52.3) | 0.304 | 12 (27.3) | 15 (13.5) | 0.042** | 0.55 | (0.20, 1.48) | ||
| Earache | 12 (27.3) | 30 (27.0) | 0.975 | 4 (9.1) | 11 (9.9) | 1.0001 | ||||
| Sneezing | 11 (25.0) | 24 (21.6) | 0.650 | 3 (6.8) | 10 (9.0) | 0.7601 | ||||
| Sore throat | 21 (47.7) | 54 (48.7) | 0.918 | 8 (18.2) | 20 (18.0) | 0.981 | ||||
| Eye issues | 9 (20.5) | 18 (16.2) | 0.531 | 3 (6.8) | 6 (5.4) | 0.7141 | ||||
| Nausea | 10 (22.7) | 19 (17.1) | 0.419 | 2 (4.6) | 6 (5.4) | 1.0001 | ||||
| Vomiting | 1 (2.3) | 8 (7.2) | 0.4471 | 0 (0) | 2 (1.8) | 1.0001 | ||||
| Diarrhea | 1 (2.3) | 3 (2.7) | 1.0001 | 0 (0) | 1 (0.9) | 1.0001 | ||||
| Hoarseness | 16 (36.4) | 43 (38.7) | 0.784 | 7 (15.9) | 15 (13.5) | 0.700 | ||||
| Joint pain | 21 (56.8) | 62 (56.4) | 0.967 | 12 (32.4) | 32 (29.1) | 0.701 | ||||
| Dyspnea | 15 (34.1) | 28 (25.2) | 0.266 | 5 (11.4) | 11 (9.9) | 0.789 | ||||
| Myalgia | 27 (61.4) | 72 (64.9) | 0.682 | 14 (31.8) | 34 (30.6) | 0.885 | ||||
| Headache | 31 (70.5) | 71 (64.0) | 0.442 | 14 (31.8) | 28 (25.2) | 0.405 | ||||
| Fatigue | 38 (86.4) | 73 (65.8) | 0.010** | 0.423* | (0.15, 1.16) | 21 (47.7) | 34 (30.6) | 0.045** | 0.73 | (0.32, 1.70) |
| Dizziness | 14 (31.8) | 22 (19.8) | 0.111 | 6 (13.6) | 8 (7.2) | 0.208 | ||||
| Appetite loss | 32 (72.7) | 62 (55.9) | 0.053* | 17 (38.6) | 28 (25.2) | 0.097 | ||||
| Abdominal pain | 8 (18.2) | 13 (11.7) | 0.289 | 1 (2.3) | 3 (2.7) | 1.0001 | ||||
| Chest pain | 19 (43.2) | 24 (21.6) | 0.007** | 0.48* | (0.20, 1.14) | 7 (15.9) | 11 (9.9) | 0.293 | ||
1
P-value of exact test.
2
Odds ratios from multivariate logistic regression, adjusting for sex, influenza season and use of antiviral drugs. Multivariate analysis is only performed on symptoms with p-value <0.05 in bivariate analysis.
95% CI: 95% confidence interval
**
p<0.05