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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 May 18.
Published in final edited form as: Mol Psychiatry. 2015 Sep 22;21(1):10–28. doi: 10.1038/mp.2015.141

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Molecular crosstalk between the biological systems in schizophrenia. Mesolimbic dopaminergic projections (yellow) between the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and striatum (Str.) are significantly increased. The dopaminergic mesocortical pathway is also affected. Multiple glutamatergic (pink) pathways are affected. GABAergic (blue) pathways are also affected. Glucocorticoids released from the adrenal glands affect numerous brain targets including the cortex, hippocampus (Hip.), hypothalamus (Hyp) and pituitary gland. Molecular substrates of adipose tissue and the gut interact with the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis via the hypothalamus. Th, thalamus; WM, white matter; CRH, corticotropin releasing hormone; ACTH, adrenocorticotropic hormone.