Table 3. Seed yield and yield components of winter rapeseed under different densities and row spacing arrangements during 2012–2014.
| Year | Density | Row Spacing | Biomass per plant (g) | Population biomass (kg ha−1) | Pods per plant | Seeds per pod | 1000-seed weight (g) | Seed yield per plant (g) | Manually seed yield (kg ha−1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2012–2013 | D15 | R15 | 84.74a | 11829.7e | 303.4a | 18.3bc | 3.48a | 19.31a | 2616.0h |
| R25 | 79.53b | 11702.8e | 290.8b | 18.9a | 3.40b | 18.68b | 2689.5g | ||
| R35 | 81.42b | 11757.0e | 295.1ab | 18.5b | 3.46a | 18.89ab | 2658.0g | ||
| D30 | R15 | 50.46c | 13725.1b | 201.9c | 17.7d | 3.36cd | 12.00d | 3190.5d | |
| R25 | 51.58c | 13151.9c | 204.3c | 18.0cd | 3.38bc | 12.43cd | 3088.5e | ||
| R35 | 52.78c | 12672.5d | 208.4c | 18.3b | 3.39b | 12.93c | 2997.0f | ||
| D45 | R15 | 38.35d | 14703.4a | 181.4d | 16.1c | 3.27f | 9.55f | 3543.0a | |
| R25 | 38.75d | 13711.7b | 183.5d | 16.4f | 3.31e | 9.96f | 3387.0b | ||
| R35 | 40.30d | 12748.9d | 186.6d | 17.0e | 3.34d | 10.59e | 3243.0c | ||
| Coefficient of variation (CV%) | 33.20 | 8.05 | 22.76 | 5.52 | 1.98 | 29.07 | 10.95 | ||
| Mean | 57.55 | 12889.2 | 228.4 | 17.7 | 3.38 | 13.82 | 3046.5 | ||
| 2013–2014 | D15 | R15 | 98.89a | 13363.9cd | 324.7a | 19.3bc | 3.33a | 20.78a | 2721.0h |
| R25 | 87.91c | 12770.2d | 307.0c | 20.1a | 3.22c | 19.86b | 2814.0g | ||
| R35 | 91.86b | 12706.9d | 312.9b | 19.6b | 3.28b | 20.10b | 2746.5h | ||
| D30 | R15 | 55.34e | 14369.0b | 213.8f | 18.8d | 3.18def | 12.78e | 3220.5d | |
| R25 | 57.39de | 13965.9bc | 222.5e | 19.0cd | 3.19cde | 13.48d | 3183.0e | ||
| R35 | 59.37d | 13290.6cd | 231.4d | 19.1cd | 3.21cd | 14.10c | 3094.5f | ||
| D45 | R15 | 42.92g | 15156.9a | 196.8h | 16.9f | 3.11g | 10.34h | 3612.0a | |
| R25 | 44.92fg | 14493.4b | 202.3g | 17.2f | 3.15f | 10.96g | 3465.0b | ||
| R35 | 47.36f | 13640.4c | 211.9f | 17.7e | 3.17ef | 11.88f | 3340.5c | ||
| CV% | 33.39 | 5.96 | 21.07 | 5.95 | 2.08 | 27.92 | 10.19 | ||
| Mean | 65.11 | 13750.8 | 247.0 | 18.6 | 3.20 | 14.92 | 3133.5 | ||
| Analysis of variance | Year (Y) | 125.3** | 32.4* | 41.4* | 180.9** | 477.3** | 46.3* | 1685.0** | |
| Density (D) | 4685.3** | 136.3** | 4473.9** | 305.4** | 269.1** | 5291.5** | 4650.4** | ||
| Row spacing (R) | 10.0** | 76.1** | 9.5** | 51.7** | 27.6** | 23.1** | 243.5** | ||
| Y × D | 18.9** | 3.5NS | 0.4NS | 1.6NS | 1.5NS | 1.6NS | 2.5NS | ||
| Y × R | 0.9NS | 0.1NS | 2.5NS | 1.4NS | 1.5NS | 0.6NS | 3.5* | ||
| D × R | 22.4** | 11.3** | 15.0** | 16.5** | 45.2** | 19.6** | 116.1** | ||
| Y × D × R | 3.0* | 1.8NS | 1.3NS | 1.0NS | 0.8NS | 0.8NS | 2.4NS |
Values followed by different letters within the same column are significantly different according to the least significant difference (LSD) test (P < 0.05); Each data represents the mean of three replications.
NS means not significant; *and **means significant differences at 0.05 and 0.01 probability levels, respectively; D15, D30 and D45 mean densities of 15, 30 and 45 × 104 plants ha−1; R15, R25 and R35 mean inter-row spacing of 15, 25 and 35 cm.