FIG. 8.

From data to models: a roadmap. Cells respond to cues regarding injury by elaborating chemokines that form defined networks, which can be detected using dynamic network analysis techniques. As the presence of signals and networks persists, early regulatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-1β begin to be secreted. These mediators are present at low levels, often with high variance, and their presence and effect may be inferred using techniques such as principal component analysis (PCA). Dynamic chemokine networks and initial cytokines together overcome thresholds of activation for later innate and lymphoid mediators such as IL-4 and IL-13, which would then be significantly elevated as defined by standard statistical analyses. To see this illustration in color, the reader is referred to the web version of this article at www.liebertpub.com/ars