Figure 9.

Two-dimensional M-mode echocardiographs of B2−/− mice and B2+/+ mice with sham coronary ligation (sham) or heart failure induced by coronary artery ligation. ACE inhibitor ramipril (2.5 mg/kg/day) reduced LV chamber size and thickeness in B2+/+, but only marginally in B2−/−, indicating an important role of kinin in the cardoprotective effects of ACE inibition in heart failure model. IS indicates interventricular septum; DD, left ventricular (LV) diastolic dimension; and PW, LV posterior wall. (Reprinted from Yang et al. (311).]