Table 1.

The properties of DI water and parameters.

property	symbol	value
dynamic viscosity (mPa·s) [34]	μ	0.98
diffusion constant (m2/s) [23]	D	7.28 × 10−9
vacuum permittivity (F/m) [34]	ε0	8.85 × 10−12
dielectric constant [34]	ε	80
bulk ionic concentration (m−3)	n0	6.02 × 1020
pressure gradient (N/m3)	dp/dx	−1 × 106
temperature (K)	T	298