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. 2015 Nov 23;6:2193–2206. doi: 10.3762/bjnano.6.225

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Copyright © 2015, Wagner et al.

This is an Open Access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

The license is subject to the Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology terms and conditions: (https://www.beilstein-journals.org/bjnano/terms)

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In-phase (red) and quadrature (blue) sideband amplitudes, normalised to the carrier oscillation amplitude A, in response to a step in the force gradient modulation amplitude. The step responses following from Equation 8 (dashed), show oscillations at f_m, exponentially decaying with 1/ω_c, which are removed by the low-pass filter of the lock-in amplifier (solid, f_cut = 250 Hz, 24 dB/oct). The solid black lines show the demodulated sideband amplitudes from a direct numerical simulation of the perturbed harmonic oscillator. (Numerical parameters: f₀ = 70500 Hz, Q = 200, A = 10 nm, f_m = 1000 Hz, φ_k = 0, = 30 Hz).

Inline graphic — In-phase (red) and quadrature (blue) sideband amplitudes, normalised to the carrier oscillation amplitude A, in response to a step in the force gradient modulation amplitude. The step responses following from Equation 8 (dashed), show oscillations at f_m, exponentially decaying with 1/ω_c, which are removed by the low-pass filter of the lock-in amplifier (solid, f_cut = 250 Hz, 24 dB/oct). The solid black lines show the demodulated sideband amplitudes from a direct numerical simulation of the perturbed harmonic oscillator. (Numerical parameters: f₀ = 70500 Hz, Q = 200, A = 10 nm, f_m = 1000 Hz, φ_k = 0, = 30 Hz).