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a) Topography, b) tip–sample capacitance gradient, C'', and c) local contact potential difference, Ulcpd, of an InAs nanowire at a bias current of 1.4 μA. Ulcpd, determined by the Kelvin observer, exhibits no crosstalk. The inset in b) indicates the tip shape and fast scan direction. (Scan parameters: Afree = 8.6 nm, Aset = 7.2 nm, Q = 390, k = 26 N/m, f0 = 304.2 kHz, fm = 4 kHz, Uac = 1 V, fcut = 100 Hz, n = 4, vtip = 800 nm/s).
