Table 3.
Factors associated with attrition on ART among infants 0 to 11 months and children 12 to 59 months who initiated ART in Tanzania
| Infants 0 to 11 months (n=361) | Children 12 to 59 months (n=755) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crude HR (95% CI) | Adjusted HR (95% CI) | Crude HR (95% CI) | Adjusted HR (95% CI) | |
| Age category | ||||
| 12 to 35 months | 1.6 (1.1 to 2.3) | 1.6 (1.0 to 2.4) | ||
| 36 to 59 months | Reference | Reference | ||
| Sex | ||||
| Male | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Female | 0.8 (0.6 to 1.0) | 0.9 (0.7 to 1.2) | 0.8 (0.6 to 1.1) | 0.8 (0.6 to 1.1) |
| Malnutrition | ||||
| Not malnourished | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Moderately malnourished | 1.1 (0.8 to 1.7) | 0.9 (0.6 to 1.4) | 1.3 (0.8 to 2.0) | 1.0 (0.7 to 1.7) |
| Severely malnourished | 1.7 (1.3 to 2.4) | 1.4 (1.0 to 1.9) | 2.4 (1.5 to 3.7) | 1.8 (1.1 to 3.0) |
| ART initiation year | ||||
| 2010 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| 2011 | 1.3 (0.7 to 2.4) | 1.5 (0.7 to 3.2) | 1.2 (0.8 to 1.8) | 1.1 (0.8 to 1.7) |
| 2012 | 1.1 (0.6 to 2.0) | 1.5 (0.8 to 2.7) | 0.9 (0.7 to 1.3) | 0.9 (0.6 to 1.3) |
| 2013 | 1.6 (0.1 to 20.2) | 2.7 (0.2 to 40.2) | ||
| WHO stage | ||||
| Stage 1 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Stage 2 | 1.6 (1.0 to 2.7) | 1.6 (0.9 to 2.9) | 1.2 (0.5 to 2.8) | 1.3 (0.5 to 2.9) |
| Stage 3 | 1.8 (1.1 to 3.0) | 1.6 (0.9 to 2.9) | 2.0 (0.9 to 4.7) | 2.2 (0.9 to 5.3) |
| Stage 4 | 3.7 (2.2 to 6.2) | 3.1 (1.8 to 5.2) | 3.0 (1.1 to 8.2) | 3.0 (1.0 to 8.5) |
| Point of entry | ||||
| VCT | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| PMTCT | 0.9 (0.5 to 1.4) | 1.0 (0.6 to 2.0) | 1.0 (0.6 to 1.5) | 1.0 (0.6 to 1.7) |
| Inpatient | 2.0 (0.8 to 4.9) | 1.9 (0.7 to 5.2) | 1.4 (0.7 to 2.7) | 1.1 (0.6 to 2.2) |
| Outpatient | 1.6 (0.8 to 3.1) | 1.5 (0.8 to 2.9) | 1.6 (1.1 to 2.5) | 1.7 (1.1 to 2.7) |
| Other/unknown | 0.9 (0.5 to 1.7) | 1.1 (0.6 to 2.0) | 0.9 (0.5 to 1.4) | 0.9 (0.5 to 1.6) |
| Location | ||||
| Urban/semi-urban | 1.1 (0.7 to 1.8) | 0.7 (0.3 to 1.4) | 1.2 (0.8 to 1.6) | 1.1 (0.7 to 1.7) |
| Rural | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Facility type | ||||
| Primary | 0.7 (0.5 to 1.2) | 0.9 (0.5 to 1.7) | 1.1 (0.8 to 1.6) | 1.2 (0.7 to 1.9) |
| Secondary/tertiary | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Private and others | 0.8 (0.5 to 1.3) | 0.6 (0.3 to 1.3) | 0.8 (0.5 to 1.2) | 0.7 (0.4 to 1.1) |
| CD4 machine at facility | ||||
| Available on site | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Not available on site | 0.7 (0.5 to 1.0) | 0.8 (0.4 to 1.7) | 1.1 (0.8 to 1.5) | 1.1 (0.7 to 1.7) |
| Nutritional support | 1.2 (0.8 to 1.8) | 0.8 (0.4 to 1.7) | 1.1 (0.8 to 1.5) | 1.3 (0.8 to 2.1) |
| Outreach services | 0.8 (0.4 to 1.6) | 0.8 (0.4 to 1.5) | 0.8 (0.5 to 1.3) | 1.0 (0.6 to 1.5) |
ART, antiretroviral therapy; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; VCT, voluntary counselling and testing; PMTCT, prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission. Bold values were statistically significant.