Table 2. Linear regression analysis for the THR.

Variant	Gene (Allele, Chr)	Subjects	MAF	Stage 1				Stage 2				Combined
				n	Effect size (SE)	P	Psex	n	Effect size (SE)	P	Psex	Effect size (SE)	P
rs11066280	HECTD4 (T>A, 12)	All	0.17	4988	−0.006521 (0.001328)	9.36×10−7	0.0870	2229	−0.003232 (0.002354)	0.170	0.122	−0.005447 (0.001543)	4.17×10−4
		Male	0.18	2388	−0.008465 (0.001627)	1.80×10−7	-	758	−0.009476 (0.003737)	1.14×10−2	-	−0.008624 (0.001484)	6.19×10−9
		Female	0.17	2600	−0.004384 (0.002031)	3.10×10−2	-	1471	0.0004263 (0.002982)	0.886	-	−0.002474 (0.002354)	0.293
rs2074356	HECTD4 (C>T, 12)	All	0.16	4987	−0.006700 (0.001403)	1.84×10−6	0.139	2236	−0.002208 (0.002326)	0.343	0.045	−0.004840 (0.002212)	2.86×10−2
		Male	0.16	2387	−0.008663 (0.001728)	5.76×10−7	-	763	−0.009193 (0.003607)	1.10×10−2	-	−0.008762 (0.001558)	1.89×10−8
		Female	0.16	2600	−0.004808 (0.002123)	2.37×10−2	-	1473	0.002668 (0.002989)	0.372	-	−0.001366 (0.003726)	0.714
rs12229654	CCDC63 (T>G, 12)	All	0.14	4987	−0.006750 (0.001440)	2.85×10−6	0.992	2229	−0.003153 (0.002538)	0.214	0.376	−0.005558 (0.001694)	1.04×10−3
		Male	0.14	2387	−0.006703 (0.001775)	1.63×10−4	-	759	−0.003610 (0.004231)	0.394	-	−0.006240 (0.001637)	1.38×10−4
		Female	0.14	2600	−0.006724 (0.002182)	2.08×10−3	-	1470	−0.002701 (0.003139)	0.390	-	−0.005345 (0.001909)	5.12×10−3
rs11201882	GRID1 (C>T, 10)	All	0.48	4987	−0.004619 (0.001010)	4.89×10−6	0.301	2221	0.002075 (0.001796)	0.248	0.660	−0.001435 (0.003345)	0.668
		Male	0.48	2387	−0.003495 (0.001249)	5.19×10−3	-	759	0.001952 (0.002927)	0.505	-	−0.001415 (0.002646)	0.593
		Female	0.47	2600	−0.005181 (0.001524)	6.88×10−4	-	1462	0.001137 (0.002257)	0.615	-	−0.002242 (0.003151)	0.477
rs6531296	RPL31P31 (A>G, 4)	All	0.28	4942	0.002250 (0.001114)	4.34×10−2	2.39×10−4	2227	0.001307 (0.001981)	0.510	0.169	0.002024 (0.009709)	3.71×10−2
		Male	0.28	2363	0.006508 (0.001390)	3.01×10−6	-	758	0.004278 (0.003360)	0.203	-	0.006182 (0.001284)	1.49×10−6
		Female	0.29	2579	−0.001726 (0.001660)	0.299	-	1469	0.0002164 (0.002430)	0.929	-	−0.001108 (0.001371)	0.419
rs12114850	KHDRBS3 (C>G, 8)	All	0.12	4988	−0.005276 (0.001525)	5.45×10−4	6.28×10−6	2236	0.002934 (0.002727)	0.282	0.171	−0.001485 (0.004091)	0.717
		Male	0.13	2388	0.001967 (0.001864)	0.292	-	763	−0.003070 (0.004412)	0.487	-	0.001036 (0.001956)	0.596
		Female	0.13	2600	−0.01206 (0.002321)	2.17×10−7	-	1473	0.005619 (0.003423)	0.101	-	−0.003399 (0.008838)	0.701
rs6852847	TMEM248P1 (A>T, 4)	All	0.26	4826	−0.004406 (0.001171)	1.69×10−4	9.82×10−4	2212	0.001832 (0.002014)	0.363	0.443	−0.001502 (0.003111)	0.629
		Male	0.26	2304	−0.0007494 (0.001456)	0.607	-	753	0.002914 (0.003254)	0.371	-	0.00007338 (0.001421)	0.959
		Female	0.26	2522	−0.008553 (0.001755)	1.17×10−6	-	1459	0.001295 (0.002530)	0.609	-	−0.003798 (0.004921)	0.440

Abbreviations: THR, thoracic-to-hip circumference ratio; Chr, chromosome; MAF, minor allele frequency; SE, standard error; HECTD4, HECT domain containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 4; CCDC63, coiled-coil domain containing 63; GRID1, glutamate receptor, ionotropic, delta 1; RPL31P31, ribosomal protein L31 pseudogene 31; KHDRBS3, KH domain containing, RNA binding, signal transduction associated 3; TMEM248P1, transmembrane protein 248 pseudogene 1. Effect size (β) presenting THR changes per minor allele, SE, and p-value (P) were calculated by linear regression analysis with adjustment for age, current diabetes medication status, and/or sex in an additive genetic model: (stage 1) genome-wide association analysis of the KoGES population; (stage 2) confirmatory analysis using the KCMS population. P_sex was assessed by introducing an interaction term between sex and variant genotype in the regression analysis.