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. 2015 Nov 11;13(1):13–20. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4551

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Copyright: © Zhao et al.

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Effect of MB on autophagy, determined using western blot analysis. (A-D) Representative western blot analyses of expression levels of Beclin 1 and LC3 in the ipsilateral cortex 24 and 72 h post-TBI. (E and F) Relative band densities of LC3 and Beclin 1 were determined 24 and 72 h post-TBI. MB significantly upregulated the expression of Beclin 1 and increased the LC3-II/LC3-I ratio, compared with the vehicle control group. The protein band densities were analyzed and normalized against β-actin. Lanes 1 and 2, sham group; lanes 3–5, vehicle group; lanes 6–8, MB group. The data are expressed as a percentage of the sham group and are presented as the mean ± standard deviation (n=6; ^#P<0.05, vs. sham; ^*P<0.05, vs. vehicle). MB, methylene blue; TBI, traumatic brain injury; NS, normal saline.