Table 3.
Comparison of features and outcomes of patients with right intracranial hemorrhage between hybrid assistive limb (HAL) and N-HAL groups
| HAL group (N = 11) | N-HAL group (N = 41) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 64 (56–69) | 64 (56–77) | 0.56 |
| Sex (male) | 3 (27.3%) | 22 (53.7%) | 0.177 |
| NIHSS | 14 (8–28) | 11 (5–16) | 0.269 |
| GCS | 14 (12–15) | 14 (10–15) | 0.549 |
| Amount of hematoma (mL) | 19.98 (4.58–35.28) | 15.64 (6.18–33.5) | 0.902 |
| Site of hematoma | 0.932 | ||
| subcortical | 2 (18.2%) | 13 (31.7%) | |
| putamen | 3 (27.3%) | 9 (22.0%) | |
| thalamus | 4 (36.4%) | 12 (29.3%) | |
| mixed | 1 (9.1%) | 3 (7.3%) | |
| other | 1 (9.1%) | 4 (9.8%) | |
| Presence of ventricular hematoma | 2 (18.2%) | 15 (36.6%) | 0.304 |
| Operation | 5 (45.5%) | 24 (58.5%) | 0.507 |
| Hospital stay of ours (days) | 22 (16–30) | 13 (9–18) | 0.003 |
| BI ≥ 85 | 7 (63.6%) | 20 (48.8%) | 0.503 |
| FIM ≥ 110 | 9 (81.8%) | 18 (43.9%) | 0.04 |
| Br. stage of upper extremities | 6 (4–6) | 4 (2–6) | 0.165 |
| Br. stage of hand function | 5 (4–6) | 4 (2–6) | 0.2 |
| Br. stage of lower extremities | 6 (4–6) | 4 (3–6) | 0.221 |
| Home discharge from a neighboring hospital | 9 (81.8%) | 25 (61.0%) | 0.291 |
| Hospital stay of a neighboring hospital | 119 (58–179) | 113 (61–180) | 0.937 |
| Total hospital stay from ours to a neighboring one | 138 (73–209) | 132 (73–197) | 0.762 |
BI: Barthel index, Br: Brunnstrom, FIM: functional independence measure, GCS: Glasgow Coma Scale, HAL: hybrid assistive limb, NIHSS: National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale.