Table 2.
Comparison of histopathological changes in rat ventricular tissue exposed to the smoke of two types of waterpipe and its recovery period
| Animal group | Control group (air-exposed rat) | Waterpipe (flavored) smoke exposed rats | Waterpipe (unflavored) smoke exposed rats | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Histopathological changes | After exposure | After recovery period | After exposure | After recovery period | After exposure | After recovery period |
| Lymphocytic infiltration | A | A | P | A | P | A |
| Congested blood vessels | A | A | P | A | P | A |
| Pleomorphic mitochondria | A | A | P | P | P | P |
| Partially disrupted or disappeared cristae | A | A | P | P | P | P |
| Chromatin condensation | A | A | A | A | P | P |
| Partial disruption of the Z-disc. | A | A | P | A | P | P |
| Cardiomyocytes with elongated nucleus | A | A | A | A | P | P |
| Deposited toxic materials | A | A | P | A | P | P |
A: no histopathological changes.P: presence of histopathological