Table 1.
Results from large prospective studies of total and saturated fat intake and risk for breast cancer
| RR (95% CI; high versus low category) | |||||
| Study [ref.] | Total number in cohort | Years of follow-up | Number of cases | Total fat | Saturated fat |
| Nurses' Health Study [96] | 89,494 | 8 | 1439 | 0.86 (0.67–1.08) | 0.86 (0.73–1.02) |
| Nurses' Health Study [12] | 88,795 | 14 | 2956 | 0.97 (0.94–1.00)a | 0.94 (0.88–1.01)a |
| Canadian study [97] | 56,837 | 5 | 519 | 1.30 (0.90–1.88) | 1.08 (0.73–1.59) |
| New York State cohort [98] | 17,401 | 7 | 344 | 1.00 (0.59–1.70) | 1.12 (0.78–1.61)b |
| Iowa women's study [99] | 32,080 | 4 | 408 | 1.13 (0.84–1.51) | 1.10 (0.83–1.46) |
| Dutch health study [100] | 62,573 | 3 | 471 | 1.08 (0.73–1.59) | 1.39 (0.94–2.06) |
| Adventists health study [104] | 20,341 | 6 | 193 | - | 1.21 (0.81–1.81) |
| Swedish mammography screening cohort [101] | 61,471 | 6 | 674 | 1.00 (0.76–1.32) | 1.09 (0.83–1.42) |
| Breast Cancer Detection Demo Project [102] | 40,022 | 5 | 996 | 1.07 (0.86–1.32) | 1.12 (0.87–1.45) |
| California teachers study [103] | 115,526 | 2 | 711 | 0.8 (0.6–1.2) | 0.8 (0.6–1.2) |
aAnimal fat. bContinuous. CI, confidence interval; RR, relative risk. From Willett and coworkers [95].