Table 1. Characteristics of children, their parent (main caregiver), and household.
| Children (n = 549) | n (%) |
| Age (Mean, SD) | 11.1, 3.4 |
| (range) | (6–17) |
| Sex (Male) | 356 (64.9) |
| Disability level | |
| 1 Able to go out by oneself with supervision | 233 (42.4) |
| 2 Need assistance to go out | 254 (46.3) |
| 3 Able to maintain sitting position | 23 (4.2) |
| 4 Bedridden | 39 (7.1) |
| Duration of being cared was more than 5 years | 404 (73.6) |
| Visiting hospital regularly (yes) | 281 (51.2) |
| Activity restriction due to own health condition (ie. school absence) in during last month (yes) | 120 (21.9) |
| Parent (Main caregiver) | |
| Age(Mean, SD) | 41.4, 5.6 |
| (range) | (28–60) |
| Female | 479 (87.3) |
| Graduation from junior high school or high school | 257 (46.8) |
| Working status (yes) | 267 (48.6) |
| Having a symptom in a few days | 244(44.4) |
| Visiting hospital regularly (yes) | 160 (29.1) |
| Visiting hospital due to mental health problem | 17 (10.7) |
| Activity restriction due to own health condition (ie. job absence) in during last month (yes) | 74 (13.5) |
| Total score of K6 (Median, IQR) | 83 (15.1) |
| Scored 5 and over | 4 (0–8) |
| Scored 13 and over | 244 (44.4) |
| Not having someone to consult with | 49 (8.9) |
| Not visited health checkups during last year | 25 (4.6) |
| Smoking experience (Everyday, occasional, or previously) | 254 (46.3) |
| Household | |
| Family composition: | |
| Single parent | 39 (7.1) |
| Two parents | 400 (72.9) |
| Three generation family | 95 (17.3) |
| Other | 15 (2.7) |
| House ownership | 372 (67.8) |
| Monthly household expenditure‡ (median, IQR) | 11.5 (9.0–15.0) |
| (range) | (1.6–173.5) |
‡ ¥10,000 / the square root of person in household.