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. 2015 Dec 22;5:18603. doi: 10.1038/srep18603

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Copyright © 2015, Macmillan Publishers Limited

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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Left upper panel: Participants received a tactile stimulation on their forehead (to study the peri-face space), while sounds (depicted by the couple of loudspeakers) approached their face (congruent audio-tactile stimulation) or their trunk (incongruent audio-tactile stimulation). Right upper panel: Multisensory facilitation (in ms; negative values indicate multimodal audio-tactile RT <unimodal baseline tactile trials) as a function of sound distance at the moment of tactile stimulation (D1 indicates the smallest distance, while D6 indicates the largest distance) and congruency condition of audio-tactile stimulation (solid line represents the congruent condition, and dashed line the incongruent condition). The black dashed horizontal line indicates baseline, i.e., RT to the fastest unimodal tactile stimulation, and * indicate a significant facilitation effect with respect to baseline (p < 0.05, Bonferroni-corrected). Error bars indicate +/−1 S.E.M. Left lower panel: Participants received a tactile stimulation on their chest (to study the peri-trunk space), while sounds approached their trunk (congruent audio-tactile stimulation) or their face (incongruent audio-tactile stimulation). Right lower panel: Multisensory facilitation (in ms; negative values indicate multimodal audio-tactile RT <unimodal baseline tactile trials) as a function of sound distance at the moment of tactile stimulation (D1 indicates the smallest distance, while D6 indicates the largest distance) and congruency condition of audio-tactile stimulation (solid line represents the congruent condition, and dashed line the incongruent condition). The black dashed horizontal line indicates baseline (RT to tactile stimulation), *represent a significant difference between multimodal and unimodal conditions at a particular sound-touch distance (p < 0.05, Bonferroni-corrected), # represents a significant multisensory facilitation (p < 0.05) that did not survive correction for multiple comparison, and error bars indicate +/−1 S.E.M. (The human figure was created by JNP, using ‘Poser 10′ software (http://my.smithmicro.com/poser-3d-animation-software.html)).