Table 8. Estimates of daily energy expenditure (DEE) of a lesser kestrel for foraging, resting and total (foraging + resting) when using a pure soaring-gliding flight strategy or a flapping flight strategy at minimum power (Vmp) and maximum range (Vmr) speeds.
Power Resting | DEE Resting | Power Foraging | DEE Foraging | Total DEE | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Daytime | 16.52 hours/day 14.26–18.11 9.29–24 | 7.48 hours/day 5.89–9.74 0.00–14.71 | 24 hours/day | ||
Soaring-Gliding | 1.35 W | 80.29 KJ/day 69.30–88.01 45.15–116.64 | 1.62 W | 43.62 KJ/day 34.35–56.80 0.00–85.79 | 123.91 KJ/day 122.36–126.10 116.64–130.94 |
Flapping at Vmp | 1.35 W | 80.29 KJ/day 69.30–88.01 45.15–116.64 | 5.02 W | 135.18 KJ/day 106.44–176.02 0.00–265.84 | 215.47 KJ/day 194.45–245.32 116.64–310.99 |
Flapping at Vmr | 1.35 W | 80.29 KJ/day 69.30–88.01 45.15–116.64 | 6.26 W | 168.57 KJ/day 132.74–219.50 0.00–331.50 | 248.86 KJ/day 220.75–288.80 116.64–376.65 |
We show median values of energy expenditure, the first and third quartiles, and the range, from top to bottom within each cell.
Sample size = 264 complete days.