Fig. 7.

Dendrogram of Philanthinae based on postpharyngeal gland morphology. Dendrogram obtained by a hierarchical cluster analysis based on eight morphological characters of the postpharyngeal gland (PPG) of female Philanthinae. Values at the nodes are bootstrap values. Solid lines indicate members of the tribe Philanthini, dashed lines indicate members of the tribes Cercerini and Aphilanthopsini. Names of European and South African Philanthus species are printed in green; names of North American Philanthus species are printed in blue. Bray-Curtis was used as similarity index; N bootstrap replicates = 10,000