Table 2.
Association of cardio-metabolic markers with total lung capacity (TLC).
| Cardio-metabolic markers | Unadjusted coefficient (95% CI) | P | Adjusted coefficient* (95% CI) | P | Adjusted coefficient** (95% CI) | P | Adjusted coefficient*** (95% CI) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pulse rate (beats/min) | −0.54 (−2.47, 1.40) |
0.58 | −1.02 (−4.16, 2.13) |
0.52 | −0.79 (−3.96, 2.39) |
0.62 | −0.45 (−3.32, 2.42) |
0.75 |
| Pulse wave velocity (m/s) | −0.27 (−1.01, 0.47) |
0.47 | −1.53 (−2.57, −0.49) |
<0.001 | −1.49 (−2.45, −0.52) |
<0.001 | −1.29 (−2.19, −0.39) |
0.01 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | −2.02 (−4.66, 0.62) |
0.13 | −1.81 (−4.90, 1.28) |
0.25 | −1.84 (−5.00, 1.31) |
0.25 | −1.00 (−4.63, 2.63) |
0.59 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 0.88 (−0.80, 2.55) |
0.30 | −0.10 (−2.14, 1.94) |
0.92 | −0.20 (−2.24, 1.84) |
0.85 | 0.26 (−1.91, 2.42) |
0.81 |
| White blood cell count (x109/L) | −0.05 (−0.37, 0.28) |
0.78 | −0.15 (−0.59, 0.30) |
0.52 | −0.15 (−0.59, 0.30) |
0.51 | 0.04 (−0.41, 0.50) |
0.85 |
| HbA1c (%) | −0.09 (−0.17, −0.001) |
0.05 | −0.08 (−0.23, 0.06) |
0.27 | −0.08 (−0.22, 0.06) |
0.24 | −0.03 (−0.16, 0.10) |
0.65 |
| C-reactive protein (μg/mL) | −0.13 (−0.62, 0.36) |
0.61 | −0.06 (−0.74, 0.62) |
0.86 | −0.09 (−0.79, 0.61) |
0.80 | 0.31 (−0.31, 0.93) |
0.32 |
| IL-8 (pg/mL) | 0.23 (−0.29, 0.75) |
0.39 | 0.38 (−0.32, 1.09) |
0.29 | 0.37 (−0.35, 1.09) |
0.31 | 0.28 (−0.34, 0.90) |
0.37 |
| IL-6 (pg/mL) | −0.25 (−0.86, 0.35) |
0.41 | −0.24 (−0.70, 0.21) |
0.29 | −0.26 (−0.74, 0.21) |
0.28 | −0.10 (−0.52, 0.31) |
0.62 |
| TNF-alpha (pg/mL) | 0.28 (−0.14, 0.70) |
0.18 | 0.30 (−0.37, 0.98) |
0.38 | 0.31 (−0.37, 0.99) |
0.37 | 0.15 (−0.44, 0.74) |
0.61 |
| MPO (ng/mL) | 0.02 (−0.02, 0.06) |
0.33 | −0.03 (−0.11, 0.05) |
0.50 | −0.03 (−0.11, 0.05) |
0.48 | 0.00 (−0.07, 0.07) |
1.00 |
| VCAM-1 (ng/mL) | −0.58 (−16.16, 14.99) |
0.94 | −1.73 (−23.28, 19.82) |
0.87 | −1.89 (−23.38, 19.61) |
0.86 | 4.35 (−15.05, 23.75) |
0.66 |
| ICAM-1 (ng/mL) | 5.31 (−2.60, 13.23) |
0.19 | 9.80 (−2.46, 22.06) |
0.12 | 9.23 (−2.94, 21.39) |
0.14 | 8.36 (−1.90, 18.61) |
0.11 |
| SAA (μg/mL) | 0.16 (−0.35, 0.66) |
0.54 | 0.24 (−0.32, 0.81) |
0.40 | 0.24 (−0.33, 0.82) |
0.40 | 0.32 (−0.18, 0.82) |
0.20 |
| MMP-3 (ng/mL) | 1.06 (−0.71, 2.84) |
0.24 | −0.78 (−3.55, 1.99) |
0.58 | −0.79 (−3.57, 1.98) |
0.57 | −0.35 (−2.61, 2.54) |
0.98 |
| MMP-9 (ng/mL) | 4.08 (−3.67, 11.82) |
0.30 | 1.67 (−10.51, 13.85) |
0.79 | 1.59 (−10.69, 13.87) |
0.80 | 1.92 (−9.91, 13.75) |
0.75 |
| TIMP-1 (ng/mL) | 1.03 (−0.56, 2.62) |
0.20 | 1.18 (−0.90, 3.25) |
0.26 | 1.18 (−0.88, 3.23) |
0.26 | 1.43 (−0.44, 3.23) |
0.13 |
*Adjusted for age, sex, height, and ethnicity. **Adjusted for age, sex, height, ethnicity, smoking status and pack-years. ***Adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, smoking status, pack-years, and body mass index.