Table 1.
Characteristics of participants according to focus group location. Percents are column percentages (n = 19).
| Physical World With and Without Disabilities n=5 |
Virtual World With Disabilities n=9 |
Virtual World Without Disabilities n=5 |
Total Sample n=19 |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age in years, n % | ||||
| 21-40 | 0 (0%) | 4 (44.4%) | 3 (60.0%) | 7 (36.8%) |
| 41-60 | 4 (80.0%) | 4 (44.4%) | 2 (40.0%) | 10 (52.6%) |
| 61 or older | 1 (20.0%) | 1 (11.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (10.5%) |
| Gender, n, % | ||||
| Female | 5 (100.00%) | 5 (55.6%) | 2 (40.0%) | 12 (63.2%) |
| Male | 0 (0.0%) | 4 (44.4%) | 3 (60.0%) | 7 (36.8%) |
| Ethnicity, n % | ||||
| White | 2 (40.0%) | 5 (55.6%) | 4 (80.0%) | 11 (57.9%) |
| Black/African American | 3 (60.0%) | 1 (11.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | 4 (21.1%) |
| Hispanic/Spanish | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (22.2%) | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (10.5%) |
| Other | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (11.1%) | 1 (20.0%) | 2 (10.5%) |
| Education, n % | ||||
| High school diploma or greater |
5 (100.0%) | 9 (100.0%) | 4 (80.0%) | 18 (94.7%) |
| Less than a high school education |
0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (20.0%) | 1 (5.3%) |
| Marital status, n % | ||||
| Married | 2 (40.0%) | 4 (44.4%) | 2 (40.0%) | 8 (42.1%) |
| Never married | 1 (20.0%) | 3 (33.3%) | 2 (40.0%) | 6 (31.6%) |
| Widowed, divorced or separated |
2 (40.0%) | 2 (22.2%) | 1 (20.0%) | 5 (26.3%) |
| Living arrangement, n % | ||||
| Lives alone | 3 (60.0%) | 3 (33.3%) | 1 (20.0%) | 8 (42.1%) |
| Lives with one or more people |
2 (40.0%) | 6 (66.7%) | 4 (80.0%) | 11 (57.9%) |
| Healthcare setting, n % | ||||
| Public clinic | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (11.1%) | 1 (20.0%) | 2 (10.5%) |
| Hospital-based clinic | 4 (80.0%) | 3 (33.3%) | 1 (20.0%) | 8 (42.1%) |
| Private physician office | 1 (20.0%) | 5 (55.6%) | 3 (60.0%) | 9 (47.4%) |
| Insurance coverage, n % | ||||
| Medicare | 4 (80.0%) | 3 (33.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 7 (36.8%) |
| Medicaid | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (11.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (5.3%) |
| Medicare and Medicaid dual enrollee | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (11.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (5.3%) |
| Neither | 1 (20.0%) | 4 (44.4%) | 5 (100.0%) | 10 (52.6%) |
| Activities of daily living, n % | ||||
| Difficulty with 1 or more ADLs |
3 (60.0%) | 9 (100.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 12 (63.2%) |
| No difficulty with ADLs | 2 (40.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 5 (100.0%) | 5 (26.3%) |
| Instrumental activities of daily living, n % | ||||
| Difficulty with 1 or more IADLs |
4 (80.0%) | 9 (100.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 13 (68.4%) |
| No difficulty with IADLS |
1 (20.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 5 (100.0%) | 6 (31.6%) |
| Disabling condition(s), n % | ||||
| Mental Disorder | 3 (60.0%) | 5 (55.6%) | 0 (0.0%) | 8 (42.1%) |
| Arthritis | 3 (60.0%) | 3 (33.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 6 (31.6%) |
| Spinal cord injury | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (22.2%) | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (10.5%) |
| Diabetes | 1 (20.0%) | 1 (22.2%) | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (10.5%) |
| Respiratory condition | 1 (20.0%) | 1 (11.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (10.5%) |
| Multiple sclerosis | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (11.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (5.3%) |
| Cancer | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (11.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (5.3%) |
| Learning disability | 1 (20.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (5.3%) |
| Kidney failure | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (11.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (5.3%) |
| Other | 2 (40.0%) | 2 (22.2%) | 0 (0.0%) | 4 (21.1%) |
| None | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 5 (100.0%) | 5 (26.3%) |
| Number of disabling conditions, n % | ||||
| None | 1 (20.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 5 (100.0%) | 6 (31.6%) |
| 1 | 0 (0.0%) | 4 (44.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 4 (21.1%) |
| More than 1 | 4 (80.0%) | 5 (55.6%) | 0 (0.0%) | 9 (47.4%) |
| Disability onset, n % | ||||
| Present at birth | 2 (40.0%) | 3 (33.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 5 (26.3%) |
| Present after birth | 2 (40.0%) | 6 (66.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | 8 (42.1%) |
| No disability | 1 (20.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 5 (100.0%) | 6 (31.6%) |
| Visibility of disability, n % | ||||
| Visible | 2 (40.0%) | 5 (55.6%) | 0 (0.0%) | 7 (36.8%) |
| Not visible | 1 (20.0%) | 4 (44.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 5 (26.3%) |
| No disability | 1 (20.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 5 (100.0%) | 6 (31.6%) |
Abbreviation key: ADLs, activities of daily living, IADLs, instrumental activities of daily living, PTSD, post-traumatic stress disorder.