Table 10.
The Impact of ART Availability on Mental Health and Subjective Weil-Being for HIV-Negative Non-Caretakers
| MH limits on: |
Well- Being |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MCS-12 |
Depression |
Energy |
Calm |
Activities |
Accomps. |
|||
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | |
| 2008 · ART proximity | 5.59* (2.96) [0.70] |
4.15 (3.25) [0.52] |
−0.26 (0.23) [−0.032] |
0.36** (0.15) [0.045] |
0.32* (0.16) [0.040] |
−0.12 (0.13) [−0.015] |
−0.10 (0.10) [−0.013] |
0.12 (0.19) [0.015] |
| 2010 · ART proximity | 8.16*** (2.55) [1.02] |
6.79** (2.69) [0.85] |
−0.44** (0.21) [−0.055] |
0.42** (0.19) [0.053] |
0.64*** (0.17) [0.080] |
−0.16 (0.10) [−0.021] |
−0.15 (0.098) [−0.019] |
0.42** (0.19) [0.052] |
| Demo and economic controls | - | Yes | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Proportional selection δ (2008) | - | 0.35 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Proportional selection δ (2010) | - | 0.59 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Dependent variable mean | 55.0 | 55.0 | 0.39 | 0.53 | 0.50 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.74 |
| Observations | 3663 | 3663 | 3663 | 3663 | 3663 | 3663 | 3663 | 3663 |
Note: Village-clustered standard errors appear in parentheses. Impacts of a change from 8 kilometers to 4 kilometers (0.125 · β̂) appear in brackets. We transform the outcomes in Columns 3–5 and 8 into binary variables, as we describe in the text. All regressions include individual and region · year fixed effects. Column 2 controls for Post · demographic characteristics, economic shocks, and access to social safety nets.
*
p < 0.1,
**
p < 0.05,
***
p < 0.01.