Table 1.
Summary of characteristics of cohort
| Characteristics | Men | Women | p valuec |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), n, mean ± SD | 498, 64.8 ± 2.5 | 498, 66.4 ± 2.5 | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 498, 26.6 ± 1.1 | 498, 26.9 ± 1.2 | 0.417 |
| Total femoral BMD (g/cm2), n, mean ± SD | 495, 1.04 ± 0.13 | 497, 0.90 ± 0.13 | <0.001 |
| Lumbar spine BMD (g/cm2), n, mean ± SD | 497, 1.08 ± 0.16 | 498, 0.96 ± 0.17 | <0.001 |
| Activity score, n, mean ± SD | 498, 64.0 ± 14.8 | 498, 61.2 ± 15.0 | 0.004 |
| Prudent diet score, n, mean ± SD | 498, 0.78 ± 2.06 | 498, 0.67 ± 1.71 | <0.001 |
| Maximum grip (kg), n, mean ± SD | 498, 44.1 ± 7.3 | 498, 27.7 ± 5.1 | <0.001 |
| Alcohol consumption (units per week), n, median, IQR | 498, 9.3, 2.5–21.5 | 498, 1.5,0.0–5.0 | <0.001 |
| Smoker status, n (%) | 498 (100) | 497 (100) | <0.001 |
| Never, n (%) | 167 (33.5) | 309 (62.2) | |
| Ex-smoker, n (%) | 258 (51.8) | 141 (28.4) | |
| Current, n (%) | 73 (14.7) | 47 (9.5) | |
| Previous fracture after age 45, total n, n (%) | 498, 63 (12.7) | 498, 82 (16.5) | 0.088 |
| Family history of fracture after age 45a, total n, n (%) | 491, 98 (20.0) | 496, 168 (33.9) | <0.001 |
| No. of comorbiditiesb, n (%) | 471 | 477 | 0.120 |
| 0, n (%) | 257 (54.6) | 254 (53.2) | |
| 1, n (%) | 140 (29.7) | 156 (32.7) | |
| 2, n (%) | 56 (11.9) | 60 (12.6) | |
| 3+, n (%) | 18 (3.8) | 7 (1.5) | |
| Incident fracture (after baseline), total n, n (%) | 314, 23 (7.3) | 318, 47 (14.8) | 0.003 |
aA fracture in a parent or sibling after the age of 45
bOut of bronchitis, diabetes, IHD, hypertension and stroke
c p value for difference between men and women