. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Nov 1.

Published in final edited form as: Drug Resist Updat. 2015 Sep 28;23:1–11. doi: 10.1016/j.drup.2015.09.001

Table 4.

Gene amplification

WWP1	WWP1 gene had copy number gain in 15 of 34 (44%) xenografts and cell lines from prostate cancer and 15 of 49 (31%) clinical prostate cancer samples ²³⁹ A copy number gain of WWP1 was found in 41% (17/41) of primary breast tumors. In a panel of cDNA from primary breast tumors and normal tissues, expression of WWP1 in tumors is significantly higher than that in normal tissues ²⁴⁰
SMURF1	amplification in 4.2% pancreatic cancer ²⁴¹ amplification in pancreatic adenocarcinoma ²⁴²
CUL-4A	amplification in breast cancer ²⁴³ amplification in hepatocellular carcinoma ²⁴⁴ amplification in pleural mesothelioma ²⁴⁵ amplification in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma ²⁴⁶
SKP2	amplification of SKP2 in 38% (31/82) of myxofibrosarcoma ¹²² amplification of SKP2 gene in 23 of 50 (46%) esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) tumors ¹²¹ amplification in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) ¹²⁰ amplification in glioblastoma ²⁴⁷