Table 2.
Reports of TIPS for acute variceal bleeding
| Authors | Patients | Child score A/B | Source of bleeding, Gastric/Oesophageal/42 d (%) | Immediate control of bleeding (in completed TIPS) | Early rebleeding (within 1mo) | Mortality |
| Other | ||||||
| McCormick (1994)[116] | 20 | 1/7/12 | 3/17/- | 20/20 | 6 | 11 (55) |
| Jalan (1995)[109] | 19 | 3/3/13 | -/19 | 17/17 | 3 | 8 (42) |
| Sanyal (1996)[117] | 30 | 1/7/22 | 4/26/- | 29/29 | 2 | 12 (40) |
| Chau (1998)[97] | 112 | 5/27/80 | 28/84/- | 110 | 15 | 41 (37) |
| Gerbes (1998)[114] | 11 | 1/3/7 | 8/11 | 10 | 3 | 3 (27) |
| Banares (1998)[112] | 56 | 11/22/23 | 19/37/- | 53/55 | 8 | 15 (28) |
Key Concepts:﹒ Aim is not only stop bleeding but prevent early rebleeding as this significantly impairs survival﹒ Prophylactic use of antibiotics is manadatory﹒ Vasoactive drugs administered before diagnostic endoscopy for at least 48 h, and perhaps 5 d﹒ No more than 2 sessions of endoscopic therapy during the first 5 d of admission﹒ TIPS as salvage therapy for continued bleeding