Table 5.

Adjusted^a Z-scores (Mean ± SE) of Cognitive Battery Tests and Prevalence of Cognitive Impairment by Levels of Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity and Race/Sex.

Variable	Race/Sex	Quartilef 1	Quartile 2	Quartile 3	Quartile 4	P-value
Average overall cognitive z-scoreb (N=5,188)	Black Male	−0.70±0.05	−0.49±0.05	−0.35±0.05	−0.40±0.06	<0.001g
	Black Female	−0.35±0.04	−0.21±0.04	−0.27±0.05	−0.15±0.06	0.30
	White Male	−0.44±0.04	−0.28±0.04	−0.22±0.03	−0.14±0.03	<0.001g
	White Female	−0.08±0.03	0.06±0.03	0.01±0.04	0.08±0.04	0.06
Executive function z- scorec (N=4,441)	Black Male	−0.56±0.07	−0.38±0.07	−0.35±0.07	−0.32±0.08	0.50
	Black Female	−0.48±0.05	−0.42±0.05	−0.49±0.06	−0.39±0.08	0.99
	White Male	−0.32±0.05	−0.18±0.05	−0.08±0.04	0.01±0.04	<0.001h
	White Female	−0.13±0.04	−0.03±0.04	−0.02±0.05	0.14±0.05	<0.001g
Memory z-scored (N=5,178)	Black Male	−0.74±0.07	−0.48±0.06	−0.32±0.07	−0.38±0.07	<0.001g
	Black Female	−0.23±0.04	−0.03±0.05	−0.10±0.06	0.01±0.08	0.27
	White Male	−0.52±0.05	−0.32±0.04	−0.26±0.04	−0.20±0.04	<0.001g
	White Female	−0.02±0.04	0.14±0.04	0.05±0.04	0.08±0.05	0.14

^aAdjusted by age, region, education, proportion of time spent in sedentary behavior, body mass index, hypertension, smoking and diabetes.

^bAverage cognitive z-score refers to the average of mean executive score or/and mean memory score. The reference of the z-score is the mean and standard deviation of the total sample.

^cExecutive z-score refers to the average of standardized scores of letter fluency and animal fluency tests. For participants with only one executive test, the mean score would be the result of that test. The reference of the z-score is the mean and standard deviation of the total sample.

^dMemory z-score refers to the average of standardized scores of word list learning and MoCA recall and orientation tests. For participants with only one executive test, the mean score would be the result of that test. The reference of the z-score is the mean and standard deviation of the total sample. MoCA refers to Montreal Cognitive Assessment, including a 5-word delayed memory recall test, and a 6-item orientation test.

^eCognitive impairment is defined as a score of 4 or fewer correct responses in six-item screener. The score ranges from 1 to 6, consisting of a 3-item recall and 3-item temporal orientation.

^fDenotes the quartiles of the proportion of total time spent in moderate to vigorous physical activity.

^gDenotes significant difference (P<0.05) between Quartile 1 and 3, and Quartile 1 and 4.

^hDenotes significant difference (P<0.05) between Quartile 1 and 3.