Fig. 10.

(a)–(d) Fundus IOS imaging of a monkey retina. (a) Fundus photograph of normal retina showing the regions analyzed. (b) Time courses of two-dimensional images of the ocular fundus showing the light reflectance changes during a 10 s trial with (lower) and without (upper) a flash stimulus. Images on the left are fundus images taken at the beginning of the trial. Images on the right show the light reflectance changes following a flash. Thirty consecutive video frames collected during 1 s were averaged for one poststimulus fundus image. Darkened regions indicate a decrease in light reflectance following a flash stimulus. (c) Plot of the time courses of light reflectance changes in a single trial following a diffuse flash stimulus in the three locations shown in (a). The time following the flash is shown on the abscissa. The delivery of the flash is indicated by the arrowhead. Each point is the average of 15 video frames collected during 0.5 s of light reflectance changes. F, signal at the fovea; D, signal at the optic disc; R1 and R2, signals in the nonfoveal retina (colored arrows). The time course of the reflectance changes during the first 500 ms following a flash is shown in the lower graph, where each point is the average of two video frames during $1/15\mathrm{s}$. (d) Time courses of light reflectance changes in a single trial following a diffuse flash measured at the fovea and four different regions within 12 deg from the fovea in each quadrant. Amplitudes are indicated as values relative to the light reflectance changes at the end of each trial (1.0). The four regions tested in each quadrant are indicated as distances from the fovea (3 deg, 6 deg, 9 deg, and 12 deg). Reprinted with permission from Ref. 120.