Table 1.
Baseline Patient Characteristics by Study Cohorts
| Patient Characteristics | UAE N=3,835 (1) | EA N=12,169 (2) | Myomectomy 7,039 (3) | Uterine-Sparing Procedure N=23,043 (4)=(1)+(2)+(3) | Hysterectomy N=73,809 (5) | P-valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age Group | ||||||
| 25–34 | 122 (3.18%) | 457 (3.76%) | 1916 (27.22%) | 2495 (10.83%) | 3378 (4.58%) | <0.001 |
| 35–44 | 1755 (45.76%) | 5246 (43.11%) | 4034 (57.31%) | 11035 (47.89%) | 31047 (42.06%) | |
| 45–54 | 1958 (51.06%) | 6466 (53.14%) | 1089 (15.47%) | 9513 (41.28%) | 39384 (53.36%) | |
| Geographic Regions | ||||||
| Northeast | 543 (14.16%) | 1464 (12.03%) | 996 (14.15%) | 3003 (13.03%) | 6303 (8.54%) | <0.001 |
| Midwest | 709 (18.49%) | 3143 (25.83%) | 998 (14.18%) | 4850 (21.05%) | 17026(23.07%) | |
| South | 2037 (53.12%) | 5573 (45.8%) | 3924 (55.75%) | 11534 (50.05%) | 37851 (51.28%) | |
| West | 546 (14.24%) | 1989 (16.34%) | 1121 (15.93%) | 3656 (15.87%) | 12629 (17.11%) | |
| Comorbidity Status | ||||||
| CCI=0 | 3221 (83.99%) | 10020 (82.34%) | 6080 (86.38%) | 19321 (83.85%) | 59778 (80.99%) | <0.001 |
| CCI=1 | 457 (11.92%) | 1568 (12.89%) | 703 (9.99%) | 2728 (11.84%) | 9140 (12.38%) | |
| CCI>1 | 157 (4.09%) | 581 (4.77%) | 256 (3.64%) | 994 (4.31%) | 4891 (6.63%) | |
| Health Plan Typeb | <0.001 | |||||
| Comprehensive | 146 (3.81%) | 553 (4.54%) | 208 (2.95%) | 907 (3.94%) | 3411 (4.62%) | |
| EPO | 30 (0.78%) | 92 (0.76%) | 72 (1.02%) | 194 (0.84%) | 507 (0.69%) | |
| HMO | 1132 (29.52%) | 2876 (23.63%) | 1775 (25.22%) | 5783 (25.10%) | 15518 (21.02%) | |
| POS | 572 (14.92%) | 1605 (13.19%) | 1097 (15.58%) | 3274 (14.21%) | 10079 (13.66%) | |
| PPO | 1823 (47.54%) | 6588 (54.14%) | 3616 (51.37%)) | 12027 (52.19%) | 41227 (55.86%) | |
| CDHP/HDHP | 83 (2.16%) | 314 (2.58%) | 172 (2.44%) | 569 (2.47%) | 2037 (2.76%) | |
| Race Quintilec | ||||||
| 1 | 10 (0.26%) | 113 (0.93%) | 21 (0.3%) | 144 (0.62%) | 1001 (1.36%) | <0.001 |
| 2 | 89 (2.32%) | 941 (7.73%) | 180 (2.56%) | 1210 (5.25%) | 5737 (7.77%) | |
| 3 | 492 (12.83%) | 2435 (20.01%) | 841 (11.95%) | 3768 (16.35%) | 13870 (18.79%) | |
| 4 | 1149 (29.96%) | 4378 (35.98%) | 2105 (29.9%) | 7632 (33.12%) | 24238 (32.84%) | |
| 5 | 2095 (54.63%) | 4302 (35.35%) | 3892 (55.29%) | 10289 (44.65%) | 28963 (39.24%) | |
| Income Quintiled | ||||||
| 1 | 317 (8.27%) | 804 (6.61%) | 679 (9.65%) | 1800 (7.81%) | 7017 (9.51%) | <0.001 |
| 2 | 323 (8.42%) | 1272 (10.45%) | 688 (9.77%) | 2283 (9.91%) | 9964 (13.5%) | |
| 3 | 606 (15.8%) | 1961 (16.11%) | 1157 (16.44%) | 3724 (16.16%) | 13908 (18.84%) | |
| 4 | 748 (19.5%) | 2641 (21.7%) | 1542 (21.91%) | 4931 (21.4%) | 16678 (22.6%) | |
| 5 | 1841 (48.01%) | 5491 (45.12%) | 2973 (42.24%) | 10305 (44.72%) | 26242 (35.55%) | |
| Education Quintilee | ||||||
| 1 | 139 (3.62%) | 453 (3.72%) | 260 (3.69%) | 852 (3.7%) | 3439 (4.66%) | <0.001 |
| 2 | 285 (7.43%) | 1243 (10.21%) | 558 (7.93%) | 2086 (9.05%) | 9520 (12.9%) | |
| 3 | 572 (14.92%) | 2106 (17.31%) | 1099 (15.61%) | 3777 (16.39%) | 14882 (20.16%) | |
| 4 | 862 (22.48%) | 3085 (25.35%) | 1703 (24.19%) | 5650 (24.52%) | 18853 (25.54%) | |
| 5 | 1977 (51.55%) | 5282 (43.41%) | 3419 (48.57%) | 10678 (46.34%) | 27115 (36.74%) | |
| Baseline uterine Leiomyoma-related Conditions | ||||||
| Menstrual Disorders | 2164 (56.43%) | 9744 (80.07%) | 3140 (44.61%) | 15048 (65.3%) | 40134 (54.38%) | <0.001 |
| Pelvic Pain | 910 (23.73%) | 2768 (22.75%) | 2281 (32.41%) | 5959 (25.86%) | 23062 (31.25%) | <0.001 |
| Anemia | 1093 (28.5%) | 2801 (23.02%) | 1395 (19.82%) | 5289 (22.95%) | 13188 (17.87%) | <0.001 |
| Urinary Problems | 128 (3.34%) | 303 (2.49%) | 281 (3.99%) | 712 (3.09%) | 2585 (3.5%) | <0.001 |
| Constipation or Gas | 106 (2.76%) | 309 (2.54%) | 224 (3.18%) | 639 (2.77%) | 2126 (2.88%) | 0.061 |
| Baseline Other Gynecologic Conditions | ||||||
| Endometriosis | 83 (2.16%) | 264 (2.17%) | 344 (4.89%) | 691 (3%) | 3367 (4.56%) | <0.001 |
| Disorders of Uterus (unclassified) | 753 (19.63%) | 1860 (15.28%) | 975 (13.85%) | 3588 (15.57%) | 11266 (15.26%) | <0.001 |
| Genital Prolapse | 19 (0.5%) | 101 (0.83%) | 49 (0.7%) | 169 (0.73%) | 2872 (3.89%) | <0.001 |
| Benign Neoplasm of the Uterus or Ovary | 3 (0.08%) | 28 (0.23%) | 38 (0.54%) | 69 (0.3%) | 354 (0.48%) | <0.001 |
| Infertility | 36 (0.94%) | 54 (0.44%) | 644 (9.15%) | 734 (3.19%) | 354 (0.48%) | <0.001 |
| Baseline Non-gynecologic Conditions | ||||||
| Inflammatory Disease | 530 (13.82%) | 1464 (12.03%) | 1306 (18.55%) | 3300(14.32%) | 8552 (11.59%) | <0.001 |
| Non-inflammatory Disease | 533 (13.9%) | 2139 (17.58%) | 1238 (17.59%) | 3910 (16.97%) | 13916 (18.85%) | <0.001 |
| Any Inpatient Admission | 190 (4.95%) | 555 (4.56%) | 291 (4.13%) | 1036 (4.5%) | 4151 (5.62%) | <0.001 |
| Any Emergency Room Admission | 789 (20.57%) | 2581 (21.21%) | 1618 (22.99%) | 4988 (21.65%) | 16290 (22.07%) | 0.004 |
| Any NSAID Use | 1056 (27.54%) | 3336 (27.41%) | 1757 (24.96%) | 6149 (26.68%) | 19889 (26.95%) | 0.001 |
| Any Hormone Use | 1199 (31.26%) | 4522 (37.16%) | 2782 (39.52%) | 8503 (36.9%) | 23552 (31.91%) | <0.001 |
Note: UAE=Uterine Artery Embolization; EA=Endometrial Ablation.
a
Based on Chi-squared tests comparing UAE, EA, myomectomy and hysterectomy.
b
Percentages do not add up to 100 because there are approximately 1% missing observations for this variable.
c
Quintile of % black in ZIP code, 2000 Census:1=0% black; 2=0.1%–0.3%; 3=0.4%–1.3%; 4=1.4%–8.5% black, 5= ≥8.6%
d
Quintile of median income in ZIP code, 2000 Census: 1=$0–$28,280; 2 = 28,281-$33,680; 3=$33,681-$39,204; 4=$39,205-$48,749 ; 5=≥$48,750
e
Quintile of % with college degree in ZIP code, 2000 Census, Quintiles assigned so equal number of ZIP Codes in each quintile: 1=lowest values, 5=highest values: 1 = 0%–7% with college degree, 2 = 8%–11%, 3=12%–15%, 4=16%–24% and 5= ≥25%