Table 5.

Nodal Upstaging Rates, Comparison. In this table we exclude those patients from our data who underwent wedge resections or extended anatomic resections and limit to clinical stage 1 only.

Reference	Approach	n	cN0-pN1	cN0-pN2	Overall
Boffa 2012[9]	Thoracotomy	7,137	9.3%	5.0%	14.3%
	VATS	4,494	6.7%	4.9%	11.6%
Licht 2013[10]	Thoracotomy	796	13.1%	11.5%	24.6%
	VATS	717	8.1%	3.8%	11.9%
Merritt 2013[19]	Thoracotomy	69	17.4%	7.2%	24.6%
	Vats	60	8.3%	1.8%	10.1%
Wilson 2014[17]	Robotic	302	6.6%	4.3%	10.9%
Current Study	Thoracotomy	797	8.2%	5.8%	13.9%
	VATS	187	5.9%	3.2%	9.1%
	Robotic	130	6.9%	6.2%	13.1%