Table 1.
Characteristics of SAVR patients by study period
| Study Period |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | Pre-TAVR | Transition | TAVR | P-value | |
| N | 1,380 | 505 (36.6%) | 330 (23.9%) | 545 (39.5%) | |
| Demographics | |||||
| Age | 71 (62, 79) | 69 (60, 77) | 71 (60, 78) | 74 (65, 82) | < 0.001 |
| Female | 512 (37.1%) | 185 (36.6%) | 118 (35.8%) | 209 (38.3%) | 0.717 |
| Race/Ethnicity | 0.362 | ||||
| White | 1,200 (87%) | 431 (85.3%) | 286 (86.7%) | 483 (88.6%) | |
| Black | 149 (10.8%) | 58 (11.5%) | 37 (11.2%) | 54 (9.9%) | |
| Other | 31 (2.2%) | 16 (3.2%) | 7 (2.1%) | 8 (1.5%) | |
| BSA –m2 | 2 (1.8, 2.2) | 2 (1.8, 2.2) | 2 (1.8, 2.2) | 2 (1.8, 2.2) | 0.255 |
| Comorbidities | |||||
| EF –% | 50 (50, 55) | 55 (45, 55) | 50 (50, 55) | 50 (50, 50) | 0.103 |
| Creatinine –mg/dL | 1 (0.8, 1.2) | 1 (0.8, 1.2) | 1 (0.8, 1.2) | 1 (0.8, 1.2) | 0.529 |
| Endocarditis (< 6 months) | 68 (4.9%) | 29 (5.7%) | 19 (5.8%) | 20 (3.7%) | 0.219 |
| History of smoking | 332 (24.1%) | 174 (34.5%) | 65 (19.7%) | 93 (17.2%) | < 0.001 |
| Dialysis | 37 (2.7%) | 17 (3.4%) | 11 (3.3%) | 9 (1.7%) | 0.160 |
| CVD | 148 (10.7%) | 47 (9.3%) | 38 (11.5%) | 63 (11.6%) | 0.433 |
| PVD | 117 (8.5%) | 54 (10.7%) | 30 (9.1%) | 33 (6.1%) | 0.024 |
| COPD -mild/moderate | 91 (6.6%) | 52 (10.3%) | 9 (2.7%) | 30 (5.5%) | < 0.001 |
| COPD –severe | 35 (2.5%) | 19 (3.8%) | 9 (2.7%) | 7 (1.3%) | 0.037 |
| Diabetes -non-insulin dep. | 372 (27%) | 126 (25%) | 104 (31.5%) | 142 (26.1%) | 0.093 |
| Diabetes -insulin dep. | 57 (4.1%) | 22 (4.4%) | 12 (3.6%) | 23 (4.2%) | 0.870 |
| Cardiogenic shock | 22 (1.6%) | 6 (1.2%) | 5 (1.5%) | 11 (2%) | 0.581 |
| Unstable angina | 171 (12.4%) | 92 (18.2%) | 42 (12.7%) | 37 (6.8%) | < 0.001 |
| Left main disease | 58 (4.2%) | 20 (4%) | 7 (2.1%) | 31 (5.7%) | 0.037 |
| Hypertension | 1,155 (83.7%) | 436 (86.3%) | 280 (84.8%) | 439 (80.6%) | 0.032 |
| Pre-op atrial fibrillation | 263 (19.1%) | 69 (13.7%) | 53 (16.1%) | 141 (25.9%) | < 0.001 |
| Pre-op IABP | 5 (0.4%) | 3 (0.6%) | 1 (0.3%) | 1 (0.2%) | 0.644 |
| AS | 1,212 (88%) | 427 (84.6%) | 292 (88.5%) | 493 (90.8%) | 0.008 |
| AR (≥ moderate) | 229 (16.6%) | 83 (16.4%) | 47 (14.2%) | 99 (18.2%) | 0.317 |
| MS | 51 (3.7%) | 24 (4.8%) | 7 (2.1%) | 20 (3.7%) | 0.143 |
| MR (≥ moderate) | 38 (2.8%) | 3 (0.6%) | 4 (1.2%) | 31 (5.7%) | < 0.001 |
| TR (≥ moderate) | 19 (1.4%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (0.9%) | 16 (2.9%) | < 0.001 |
| Previous MI (<21 days) | 156 (11.3%) | 58 (11.5%) | 38 (11.5%) | 60 (11%) | 0.962 |
|
Number of diseased
vessels |
0.242 | ||||
| 0 | 756 (54.8%) | 281 (55.6%) | 193 (58.5%) | 282 (51.8%) | |
| 1 | 188 (13.6%) | 63 (12.5%) | 41 (12.4%) | 84 (15.4%) | |
| 2 | 184 (13.3%) | 70 (13.9%) | 33 (10%) | 81 (14.9%) | |
| 3 | 251 (18.2%) | 91 (18%) | 63 (19.1%) | 97 (17.8%) | |
| CHF (NYHA class I-III) | 1,177 (85.3%) | 401 (79.4%) | 273 (82.7%) | 503 (92.3%) | < 0.001 |
| CHF (NYHA Class IV) | 197 (14.3%) | 102 (20.2%) | 55 (16.7%) | 40 (7.3%) | < 0.001 |
| Redo sternotomy | 235 (17%) | 74 (14.7%) | 46 (13.9%) | 115 (21.1%) | 0.005 |
Categorical data represented as frequency (%). Continuous data represented as median (IQR –interquartile range). Abbreviations as follows: SAVR –surgical aortic valve replacement, TAVR –transcatheter aortic valve replacement, BSA –body surface area, EF –ejection fraction, CVD –cerebrovascular disease, PVD –peripheral vascular disease, COPD –chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, IABP –intra-aortic balloon pump, AS –aortic stenosis, AR –aortic regurgitation, MS –mitral stenosis, MR –mitral regurgitation, TR –tricuspid regurgitation, MI –myocardial infarction, CHF –congestive heart failure, NYHA –New York Heart Association. AS and MS were defined as any degree of stenosis.