Table 1. Demographic and cerebral angiographic findings of patients.
No. | Age (yr) | Sex | Eye | Cosmetic Injection | Diagnosis | Skin Necrosis | MRI Brain | Angiographic findings | Time to Visit/IAT | Thrombolysis | Visual acuity baseline/final | Follow-up Period | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Substance | Site | Dose | Ophthalmic Angiogram Obstruction level | ECA Angiogram Distal angiographic runoff | |||||||||||
1 | 24 | F | R | HA | Glabella, nose | 0.2 mL | OAO | Yes | Normal | 2nd branch (Ciliary branch) |
Diminished | 1 hr/3.5 hr | Hyaluronidase 1,000 units/recanalization fail | NLP/NLP | 7 mo |
2 | 34 | F | R | HA | Glabella, nose | 0.7 mL | OAO | Yes | Normal | Distal to 2nd branch | Diminished | 4 hr/5 hr | Hyaluronidase 1,500 units + UK 20,000 units/recanalization fail | NLP/NLP | 3 mo |
3 | 39 | F | L | HA | Glabella, nose | Unknown | OAO | Yes | Normal | Distal to 2nd branch | Diminished | 1 hr/3 hr | Hyaluronidase 9,000 units/partial recanalization | HM/NLP | 7 mo |
4* | 41 | F | R | HA | Glabella, nose | 0.4 mL | OAO | No | Normal | 2nd branch | Preserved | 2 hr/4.5 hr | Hyaluronidase 1,600 units/recanalization fail | NLP/NLP | 7 day |
5 | 40 | F | L | Fat | Nose | Unknown | OAO | No | Normal | OphA before branching | Preserved | 1 hr/2.5 hr | UK 500,000 units + tirofiban 500 µg /partial recanalization | NLP/NLP | 17 mo |
6 | 66 | F | L | Fat | Glabella, nose | Unknown | OAO | No | Normal | OphA before branching | Preserved | 2 hr/3 hr | UK 40,000 units/recanalization fail | NLP/NLP | 5 day |
7 | 40 | F | R | Fat | Glabella | Unknown | CRAO | No | MCA infarct | OphA before branching | Preserved | 4 hr/5 hr | UK 40,000 units/recanalization fail | NLP/NLP | 5 mo |
*This patient was treated with subcutaneous hyaluronidase injection immediately after the onset of visual symptom by the physician who performed cosmetic filler injection. CRAO, central retinal artery occlusion; ECA, external carotid artery; F, female; IAT, intra-arterial thrombolysis; L, left; HA, hyaluronic acid; HM, hand motion; MCA, middle cerebral artery; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; NLP, no light perception; OAO, ophthalmic artery occlusion; OphA, Ophthalmic artery; R, right; UK, urokinase.