Table 4. Logistic regression analysis on outcomes by EMS utilization and interhospital transfer in original and propensity score matched dataset.
| Outcomes | Total | Outcome | Crude | Adjusted* | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | n | % | OR | 95% CI | P value | OR | 95% CI | P value | |||
| Original dataset | |||||||||||
| Outcome: death (n = 2,849) | |||||||||||
| EMS and direct | 795 | 304 | 38.2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||
| EMS and transfer | 286 | 122 | 42.7 | 1.20 | 0.91 | 1.58 | 0.163 | 1.23 | 0.92 | 1.64 | 0.190 |
| Non-EMS and direct | 473 | 65 | 13.7 | 0.26 | 0.19 | 0.35 | < 0.001 | 0.24 | 0.18 | 0.33 | < 0.001 |
| Non-EMS and transfer | 1,295 | 271 | 20.9 | 0.43 | 0.35 | 0.52 | < 0.001 | 0.39 | 0.32 | 0.49 | < 0.001 |
| Outcome: disability (n = 2,087) | |||||||||||
| EMS and direct | 491 | 210 | 42.8 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||
| EMS and transfer | 164 | 58 | 35.4 | 0.73 | 0.51 | 1.06 | 0.096 | 0.72 | 0.49 | 1.04 | 0.082 |
| Non-EMS and direct | 408 | 133 | 32.6 | 0.65 | 0.49 | 0.85 | 0.002 | 0.62 | 0.47 | 0.82 | < 0.001 |
| Non-EMS and transfer | 1,024 | 406 | 39.6 | 0.88 | 0.71 | 1.09 | 0.247 | 0.83 | 0.66 | 1.04 | 0.223 |
| Propensity score matched dataset | |||||||||||
| Outcome: death (n = 1,510) | |||||||||||
| EMS and direct | 287 | 103 | 35.9 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||
| EMS and transfer | 286 | 122 | 42.7 | 1.33 | 0.95 | 1.86 | 0.097 | 1.41 | 0.99 | 2.02 | 0.058 |
| Non-EMS and direct | 468 | 63 | 13.5 | 0.28 | 0.19 | 0.40 | < 0.001 | 0.26 | 0.18 | 0.38 | < 0.001 |
| Non-EMS and transfer | 469 | 89 | 19.0 | 0.42 | 0.30 | 0.58 | < 0.001 | 0.41 | 0.29 | 0.58 | < 0.001 |
| Outcome: disability† (n = 1,133) | |||||||||||
| EMS and direct | 184 | 77 | 41.8 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||
| EMS and transfer | 164 | 58 | 35.4 | 0.76 | 0.49 | 1.17 | 0.216 | 0.76 | 0.49 | 1.20 | 0.236 |
| Non-EMS and direct | 405 | 131 | 32.3 | 0.66 | 0.46 | 0.95 | 0.026 | 0.65 | 0.45 | 0.95 | 0.024 |
| Non-EMS and transfer | 380 | 145 | 38.2 | 0.86 | 0.60 | 1.23 | 0.401 | 0.88 | 0.60 | 1.27 | 0.489 |
*Adjusted for age, sex, ED visit time, weekday, education level, health behavior (exercise, smoking, and alcohol), and past medical history (DM, hypertension, dyslipidemia, chronic kidney disease, heart disease, and stroke); *For disability, the ORs were calculated for alive patients.